Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, Volume. 42, Issue 4, 574(2025)

Microwave modulation method for CPT atomic clocks based on discrete sine wave frequency modulation

HUANG Pengxiang1, LIAN Jiqing2,3, ZHU Chengyong4, LI Limin1, PAN Duo5、*, and CHEN Jingbiao5,6
Author Affiliations
  • 1College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
  • 2Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 3School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
  • 4School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876, China
  • 5School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • 6Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
  • show less
    References(17)

    [1] Yang Q H, Pan D, Chen J B. Research progress of chip scale atomic clocks[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 362, 1-11(2023).

    [2] Liu Y L, Li W, Wu T F et al. Research progress of chip scale atomic clock[J]. Metrology & Measurement Technology, 41, 7-12(2021).

    [3] Gu S H, Behr J A, Groves M N et al. Coherent population trapping states with cold atoms in a magnetic field[J]. Optics Communications, 220, 365-370(2003).

    [4] Zanon T, Tremine S, Guerandel S et al. Observation of Raman-Ramsey fringes with optical CPT pulses[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 54, 776-779(2005).

    [5] Jaduszliwer B, Camparo J. Past, present and future of atomic clocks for GNSS[J]. GPS Solutions, 25, 27(2021).

    [6] Rybak M M, Axelrad P, Seubert J et al. Chip scale atomic clock-driven one-way radiometric tracking for low-earth-orbit CubeSat navigation[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 58, 200-209(2020).

    [7] Kebkal K G, Kebkal A G, Glushko E V et al. Underwater acoustic modems with synchronous chip-scale atomic clocks for scalable tasks of AUV underwater positioning[J]. Gyroscopy and Navigation, 10, 313-321(2019).

    [8] Levi F, Godone A, Vanier J et al. The light shift effect in the coherent population trapping cesium maser[J]. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 47, 466-470(2000).

    [9] Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yin Y et al. Optimization of light frequency shift characteristics for coherent population trapping atomic clock[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 41, 415001(2014).

    [10] Zhang X Y, Cao Y H, Kang S B et al. A method of PLL frequency modulation for rubidium atomic frequency standards[J]. Journal of Time and Frequency, 30, 97-104(2007).

    [11] Huang L, Wang P, Xiang P et al. Photonic generation of microwave frequency shift keying signals[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 28, 1928-1931(2016).

    [12] Hao P, Huang Y J, Chen G Y et al. Generation of frequency-shift keying (FSK) and amplitude-shift keying (ASK) RF signals by diode-tuned Fourier domain mode-locked opto-electronic oscillator[J]. Optics Express, 32, 39643-39651(2024).

    [13] Hu X W, Li Y C, Zhang Y J et al. Internal modulation characteristics of vertical cavity surface-emitting laser[J]. Laser & Infrared, 49, 315-321(2019).

    [14] Yang T, Lian J Q, Wang J X et al. Design of microwave signal source for CPT Rb atomic clock[J]. Chinese Journal of Electron Devices, 41, 421-424(2018).

    [15] Alekseev E, Ilyushin V, Motiyenko R. Square-wave frequency modulation in microwave spectroscopy[J]. Radio Physics and Radio Astronomy, 27, 299-311(2022).

    [16] Vanier J, Levine M W, Janssen D et al. The coherent population trapping passive frequency standard[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 52, 258-262(2003).

    [17] Karplus R. Frequency modulation in microwave spectroscopy[J]. Physical Review, 73, 1027-1034(1948).

    Tools

    Get Citation

    Copy Citation Text

    Pengxiang HUANG, Jiqing LIAN, Chengyong ZHU, Limin LI, Duo PAN, Jingbiao CHEN. Microwave modulation method for CPT atomic clocks based on discrete sine wave frequency modulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2025, 42(4): 574

    Download Citation

    EndNote(RIS)BibTexPlain Text
    Save article for my favorites
    Paper Information

    Category: Special Issue on...

    Received: Nov. 6, 2024

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Jul. 31, 2025

    The Author Email: Duo PAN (panduo@pku.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2025.04.013

    Topics