[1] McPherson A, Gibson G, Jara H et al. Studies of multiphoton production of vacuum-ultraviolet radiation in the rare gases[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 4, 595-601(1987).

[2] Ferray M, L'Huillier A, Li X F et al. Multiple-harmonic conversion of 1064 nm radiation in rare gases[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 21, L31-L35(1988).

[3] Farkas G, Tóth C. Proposal for attosecond light pulse generation using laser induced multiple-harmonic conversion processes in rare gases[J]. Physics Letters A, 168, 447-450(1992).

[4] Harris S E, Macklin J J, Hänsch T W. Atomic scale temporal structure inherent to high-order harmonic generation[J]. Optics Communications, 100, 487-490(1993).

[5] Hentschel M, Kienberger R, Spielmann C et al. Attosecond metrology[J]. Nature, 414, 509-513(2001).

[6] Paul P M, Toma E S, Breger P et al. Observation of atrain of attosecond pulses from high harmonic generation[J]. Science, 292, 1689-1692(2001).

[7] Schultze M, Fiess M, Karpowicz N et al. Delay in photoemission[J]. Science, 328, 1658-1662(2010).

[8] Klünder K, Dahlström J M, Gisselbrecht M et al. Probing single-photon ionization on the attosecond time scale[J]. Physical Review Letters, 106, 169904(2011).

[9] Nandi S, Plésiat E, Zhong S et al. Attosecond timing of electron emission from a molecular shape resonance[J]. Science Advances, 6, eaba7762(2020).

[10] Cavalieri A L, Müller N, Uphues T et al. Attosecond spectroscopy in condensed matter[J]. Nature, 449, 1029-1032(2007).

[11] Locher R, Castiglioni L, Lucchini M et al. Energy-dependent photoemission delays from noble metal surfaces by attosecond interferometry[J]. Optica, 2, 405-410(2015).

[12] Gruson V, Barreau L et al. Attosecond dynamics through a Fano resonance: monitoring the birth of a photoelectron[J]. Science, 354, 734-738(2016).

[13] Cirelli C, Marante C, Heuser S et al. Anisotropic photoemission time delays close to a Fano resonance[J]. Nature Communications, 9, 955(2018).

[14] Drescher M, Hentschel M, Kienberger R et al. Time-resolved atomic inner-shell spectroscopy[J]. Nature, 419, 803-807(2002).

[15] Zhong S Y, Vinbladh J, Busto D et al. Attosecond electron-spin dynamics in Xe 4d photoionization[J]. Nature Communications, 11, 5042(2020).

[16] Calegari F, Ayuso D, Trabattoni A et al. Ultrafast electron dynamics in phenylalanine initiated by attosecond pulses[J]. Science, 346, 336-339(2014).

[17] Burt M, Boll R. Lee J W L, et al. Coulomb-explosion imaging of concurrent CH2BrI photodissociation dynamics[J]. Physical Review A, 96, 043415(2017).

[18] Schultze M, Bothschafter E M, Sommer A et al. Controlling dielectrics with the electric field of light[J]. Nature, 493, 75-78(2013).

[19] Li J, Ren X, Yin Y et al. Erratum: 53-attosecond X-ray pulses reach the carbon K-edge[J]. Nature Communications, 8, 186(2017).

[20] Gaumnitz T, Jain A, Pertot Y et al. Streaking of 43-attosecond soft-X-ray pulses generated by a passively CEP-stable mid-infrared driver[J]. Optics Express, 25, 27506-27518(2017).

[21] Lan P F, Lu P X, Cao W et al. Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics[J]. Physical Review A, 76, 011402(2007).

[22] Zeng Z N, Cheng Y, Song X H et al. Generation of an extreme ultraviolet supercontinuum in a two-color laser field[J]. Physical Review Letters, 98, 203901(2007).

[23] Zhong S Y, He X K, Jiang Y J et al. Noncollinear gating for high-flux isolated-attosecond-pulse generation[J]. Physical Review A, 93, 033854(2016).

[24] Wei P, Miao J, Zeng Z et al. Selective enhancement of a single harmonic emission[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27, 201(2013).

[25] Wang L, Xue J X, Zeng Z N et al. Generation of resonantly enhanced monochromatic high-order harmonics[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 46, 1001003(2019).

[26] Ye P, He X K, Teng H et al. Full quantum trajectories resolved high-order harmonic generation[J]. Physical Review Letters, 113, 073601(2014).

[27] Du M W, Liu C D, Zheng Y H et al. Attosecond transient-absorption spectroscopy in one-dimensional periodic crystals[J]. Physical Review A, 100, 043840(2019).

[28] Zhang Y, Yang F, Liu C D et al. Quantum path interference in attosecond transient absorption of H2+[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 47, 0801004(2020).

[29] Xu M H, Peng L Y, Zhang Z et al. Attosecond streaking in the low-energy region as a probe of rescattering[J]. Physical Review Letters, 107, 183001(2011).

[30] Ning Q C, Peng L Y, Song S N et al. Attosecond streaking of Cohen-Fano interferences in the photoionizationof H2+[J]. Physical Review A, 90, 013423(2014).

[31] Zhan M J, Ye P, Teng H et al. Generation and measurement of isolated 160-attosecond XUV laser pulses at 82 eV[J]. Chinese Physics Letters, 30, 093201(2013).

[32] Teng H, He X K, Zhao K et al. Attosecond laser station[J]. Chinese Physics B, 27, 074203(2018).

[33] Yang Z, Cao W, Chen X et al. All-optical frequency-resolved optical gating for isolated attosecond pulse reconstruction[J]. Optics Letters, 45, 567-570(2020).

[34] Wang X W, Wang L, Xiao F et al. Generation of 88 as isolated attosecond pulses with double optical gating[J]. Chinese Physics Letters, 37, 023201(2020).

[35] Wang X L, Xu P, Li J et al. Isolated attosecond pulse with 159 as duration measured by home built attosecond streaking camera[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 47, 0415002(2020).

[36] Corkum P B. Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization[J]. Physical Review Letters, 71, 1994(1993).

[37] Schafer K J, Yang B R. DiMauro L F, et al. Above threshold ionization beyond the high harmonic cutoff[J]. Physical Review Letters, 70, 1599-1602(1993).

[38] Arnold C L, Isinger M, Busto D et al. How can attosecond pulse train interferometry interrogate electron dynamics?[J]. Photoniques, 28-35(2018).

[39] Sekikawa T, Kosuge A, Kanai T et al. Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet[J]. Nature, 432, 605-608(2004).

[40] Manschwetus B, Rading L, Campi F et al. Two-photon double ionization of neon using an intense attosecond pulse train[J]. Physical Review A, 93, 061402(2016).

[41] Ravasio A, Gauthier D, Maia F R et al. Single-shot diffractive imaging with a table-top femtosecond soft X-ray laser-harmonics source[J]. Physical Review Letters, 103, 028104(2009).

[42] Tzallas P, Skantzakis E. Nikolopoulos L A A, et al. Extreme-ultraviolet pump-probe studies of one-femtosecond-scale electron dynamics[J]. Nature Physics, 7, 781-784(2011).

[43] Rudawski P, Heyl C M, Brizuela F et al. A high-flux high-order harmonic source[J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 84, 073103(2013).

[44] Constant E, Garzella D, Breger P et al. Optimizing high harmonic generation in absorbing gases: model and experiment[J]. Physical Review Letters, 82, 1668-1671(1999).

[45] Balcou P. Sali`eres P, L'Huillier A, et al. Generalized phase-matching conditions for high harmonics: the role of field-gradient forces[J]. Physical Review A, 55, 3204-3210(1997).

[46] Gaarde M B, Tate J L, Schafer K J. Macroscopic aspects of attosecond pulse generation[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 41, 132001(2008).

[47] Heyl C M, Coudert-Alteirac H, Miranda M et al. Scale-invariant nonlinear optics in gases[J]. Optica, 3, 75-81(2016).

[48] Heyl C M, Arnold C L, Couairon A et al. Introduction to macroscopic power scaling principles for high-order harmonic generation[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 50, 013001(2017).

[49] Hergott J F, Kovacev M, Merdji H et al. Extreme-ultraviolet high-order harmonic pulses in the microjoule range[J]. Physical Review A, 66, 021801(2002).

[50] Takahashi E, Nabekawa Y, Otsuka T et al. Generation of highly coherent submicrojoule soft x rays by high-order harmonics[J]. Physical Review A, 66, 021802(2002).

[51] Takahashi E, Nabekawa Y, Midorikawa K. Generation of 10-μJ coherent extreme-ultraviolet light by use of high-order harmonics[J]. Optics Letters, 27, 1920-1922(2002).

[52] Tzallas P, Charalambidis D, Papadogiannis N A et al. Direct observation of attosecond light bunching[J]. Nature, 426, 267-271(2003).

[53] Dacasa H, Coudert-Alteirac H, Guo C et al. Single-shot extreme-ultraviolet wavefront measurements of high-order harmonics[J]. Optics Express, 27, 2656-2670(2019).

[54] Yoshitomi D, Nees J, Miyamoto N et al. Phase-matched enhancements of high-harmonic soft X-rays by adaptive wave-front control with a genetic algorithm[J]. Applied Physics B, 78, 275-280(2004).

[55] Takahashi E J, Nabekawa Y, Mashiko H et al. Generation of strong optical field in soft X-ray region by using high-order harmonics[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 10, 1315-1328(2004).

[56] Wang Y, Guo T Y, Li J L et al. Enhanced high-order harmonic generation driven by a wavefront corrected high-energy laser[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 51, 134005(2018).

[57] Nayak A, Orfanos I, Makos I et al. Multiple ionization of argon via multi-XUV-photon absorption induced by 20-GW high-order harmonic laser pulses[J]. Physical Review A, 98, 023426(2018).

[58] Senfftleben B, Kretschmar M, Hoffmann A et al. Highly non-linear ionization of atoms induced by intense high-harmonic pulses[J]. Journal of Physics: Photonics, 2, 034001(2020).

[59] Maclot S, Lahl J, Peschel J et al. Dissociation dynamics of the diamondoid adamantane upon photoionization by XUV femtosecond pulses[J]. Scientific Reports, 10, 1-12(2020).

[60] Kühn S, Dumergue M, Kahaly S et al. The ELI-ALPS facility: the next generation of attosecond sources[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 50, 132002(2017).

[61] Seres J, Yakovlev V S, Seres E et al. Coherent superposition of laser-driven soft-X-ray harmonics from successive sources[J]. Nature Physics, 3, 878-883(2007).

[62] Willner A, Tavella F, Yeung M et al. Coherent control of high harmonic generation via dual-gas multijet arrays[J]. Physical Review Letters, 107, 175002(2011).

[63] Sola I J, Mével E, Elouga L et al. Controlling attosecond electron dynamics by phase-stabilized polarization gating[J]. Nature Physics, 2, 319-322(2006).

[64] Ferrari F, Calegari F, Lucchini M et al. High-energy isolated attosecond pulses generated by above-saturation few-cycle fields[J]. Nature Photonics, 4, 875-879(2010).

[65] Chang Z H. Controlling attosecond pulse generation with a double optical gating[J]. Physical Review A, 76, 051403(2007).

[66] Major B, Ghafur O, Kovács K et al. -12-08)[2021-01-20](2020). https: //arxiv. org/abs/2012. 04566v1.

[67] Wei Z Y, Xu S Y, Jiang Y J et al. Progress on technology and principle of attosecond laser pulse generation[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 66, 1-1(2021).

[68] Kaku M, Oishi Y, Suda A et al. Generation of extreme ultraviolet continuum radiation driven by a sub-10-fs two-color field[J]. Optics Express, 14, 7230-7237(2006).

[69] Mashiko H, Gilbertson S, Li C Q et al. Double optical gating of high-order harmonic generation with carrier-envelope phase stabilized lasers[J]. Physical Review Letters, 100, 103906(2008).

[70] Haessler S, Balčiŭnas T, Fan G et al. Optimization of quantum trajectories driven by strong-field waveforms[C]. //Ultrafast Phenomena XIX, 72-77(2015).

[71] Jin C, Wang G, Wei H et al. Waveforms for optimal sub-keV high-order harmonics with synthesized two-or three-colour laser fields[J]. Nature Communications, 5, 4003(2014).

[72] Jin C, Hong K H, Lin C D. Optimal generation of spatially coherent soft X-ray isolated attosecond pulses in a gas-filled waveguide using two-color synthesized laser pulses[J]. Scientific Reports, 6, 38165(2016).

[73] Lan P F, Takahashi E J, Midorikawa K. Optimization of infrared two-color multicycle field synthesis for intense-isolated-attosecond-pulse generation[J]. Physical Review A, 82, 053413(2010).

[74] Takahashi E J, Lan P F, Mücke O D et al. Infrared two-color multicycle laser field synthesis for generating an intense attosecond pulse[J]. Physical Review Letters, 104, 233901(2010).

[75] Takahashi E J, Lan P, Mücke O D et al. Attosecond nonlinear optics using gigawatt-scale isolated attosecond pulses[J]. Nature Communications, 4, 2691(2013).

[76] Xue B, Tamaru Y, Fu Y X et al. Fully stabilized multi-TW optical waveform synthesizer: toward gigawatt isolated attosecond pulses[J]. Science Advances, 6, eaay2802(2020).

[77] Matía-Hernando P, Witting T, Walke D J et al. Enhanced attosecond pulse generation in the vacuum ultraviolet using a two-colour driving field for high harmonic generation[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 65, 737-744(2018).

[78] Greening D, Weaver B, Pettipher A J et al. Generation and measurement of isolated attosecond pulses with enhanced flux using a two colour synthesized laser field[J]. Optics Express, 28, 23329-23337(2020).

[79] Wirth A, Hassan M T, Grguras I et al. Synthesized light transients[J]. Science, 334, 195-200(2011).

[80] Rossi G M, Mainz R E, Yang Y D et al. Sub-cycle millijoule-level parametric waveform synthesizer for attosecond science[J]. Nature Photonics, 14, 629-635(2020).

[81] Hassan M T, Wirth A, Grguraš I et al. Attosecond photonics: synthesis and control of light transients[J]. The Review of Scientific Instruments, 83, 111301(2012).

[82] Shan B, Chang Z H. Dramatic extension of the high-order harmonic cutoff by using a long-wavelength driving field[J]. Physical Review A, 65, 011804(2001).

[83] Chen M C, Arpin P, Popmintchev T et al. Bright, coherent, ultrafast soft X-ray harmonics spanning the water window from a tabletop light source[J]. Physical Review Letters, 105, 173901(2010).

[84] Hong K H, Huang S W, Moses J et al. High-energy, phase-stable, ultrabroadband kHz OPCPA at 21 μm pumped by a picosecond cryogenic Yb: YAG laser[J]. Optics Express, 19, 15538(2011).

[85] Shiner A D, Trallero-Herrero C, Kajumba N et al. Wavelength scaling of high harmonic generation efficiency[J]. Physical Review Letters, 103, 073902(2009).

[86] Popmintchev T, Chen M C, Popmintchev D et al. Bright coherent ultrahigh harmonics in the keV X-ray regime from mid-infrared femtosecond lasers[J]. Science, 336, 1287-1291(2012).

[87] Teichmann S M, Silva F, Cousin S L et al. 0. 5 keV soft X-ray attosecond continua[J]. Nature Communications, 7, 11493(2016).

[88] Johnson A S, Austin D R, Wood D A et al. High-flux soft X-ray harmonic generation from ionization-shaped few-cycle laser pulses[J]. Science Advances, 4, eaar3761(2018).

[89] Colosimo P, Doumy G, Blaga C I et al. Scaling strong-field interactions towards the classical limit[J]. Nature Physics, 4, 386-389(2008).

[90] Saito N, Ishii N, Kanai T et al. Attosecond streaking measurement of extreme ultraviolet pulses using a long-wavelength electric field[J]. Scientific Reports, 6, 35594(2016).

[91] Cousin S L, di Palo N, Buades B et al. Attosecond streaking in the water window: a new regime of attosecond pulse characterization[J]. Physical Review X, 7, 041030(2017).

[92] Koralek J D, Douglas J F, Plumb N C et al. Laser based angle-resolved photoemission, the sudden approximation, and quasiparticle-like spectral peaks in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ[J]. Physical Review Letters, 96, 017005(2006).

[93] Dörner R, Mergel V, Jagutzki O et al. Cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy: a ‘momentum microscope’ to view atomic collision dynamics[J]. Physics Reports, 330, 95-192(2000).

[94] Damascelli A, Hussain Z, Shen Z X. Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors[J]. Reviews of Modern Physics, 75, 473-541(2003).

[95] Wernet P, Gaudin J, Godehusen K et al. Femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with a vacuum-ultraviolet photon source based on laser high-order harmonic generation[J]. The Review of Scientific Instruments, 82, 063114(2011).

[96] Niu Y, Liu F Y, Liu Y et al. Pressure-dependent phase matching for high harmonic generation of Ar and N2 in the tight focusing regime[J]. Optics Communications, 397, 118-121(2017).

[97] Heyl C M, Güdde J, L’Huillier A et al. High-order harmonic generation with μJ laser pulses at high repetition rates[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 45, 074020(2012).

[98] Hädrich S, Krebs M, Rothhardt J et al. Generation of μW level plateau harmonics at high repetition rate[J]. Optics Express, 19, 19374-19383(2011).

[99] Vernaleken A, Weitenberg J, Sartorius T et al. Single-pass high-harmonic generation at 20. 8 MHz repetition rate[J]. Optics Letters, 36, 3428-3430(2011).

[100] Rothhardt J, Krebs M, Hädrich S et al. Absorption-limited and phase-matched high harmonic generation in the tight focusing regime[J]. New Journal of Physics, 16, 033022(2014).

[101] Cirmi G, Lai C J, Huang S W et al. Tunable high harmonic generation driven by a visible optical parametric amplifier[J]. EPJ Web of Conferences, 41, 01002(2013).

[102] Russbueldt P, Mans T, Rotarius G et al. 400 W Yb∶YAG innoslab fs-amplifier[J]. Optics Express, 17, 12230-12245(2009).

[103] Eidam T, Hanf S, Seise E et al. Femtosecond fiber CPA system emitting 830 W average output power[J]. Optics Letters, 35, 94-96(2010).

[104] Saraceno C, Schriber C, Emaury F et al. Cutting-edge high-power ultrafast thin disk oscillators[J]. Applied Sciences, 3, 355-395(2013).

[105] Wang H, Xu Y, Ulonska S et al. Bright high-repetition-rate source of narrowband extreme-ultraviolet harmonics beyond 22 eV[J]. Nature Communications, 6, 7459(2015).

[106] Comby A, Descamps D, Beauvarlet S et al. Cascaded harmonic generation from a fiber laser: a milliwatt XUV source[J]. Optics Express, 27, 20383-20396(2019).

[107] Klas R, Kirsche A, Gebhardt M et al. Ultra-short-pulse high-average-power Megahertz-repetition-rate coherent extreme-ultraviolet light source[EB/OL]. (2020-12-21)[2021-01-20]. https: //arxiv. org/abs/2012. 11244.

[108] Sabbar M, Heuser S, Boge R et al. Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy[J]. The Review of Scientific Instruments, 85, 103113(2014).

[109] Hammerland D, Zhang P, Kühn S, Optical Physics et al. 52(23): 23LT01(2019).

[110] Ye P, Csizmadia T, Oldal L G et al. Attosecond pulse generation at ELI-ALPS 100 kHz repetition rate beamline[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 53, 154004(2020).

[111] Witting T, Furch F, Osolodkov M et al. Generation and characterization of isolated attosecond pulses for coincidence spectroscopy at 100 kHz repetition rate[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1412, 072031(2020).

[112] Kern C, Zürch M, Spielmann C. Limitations of extreme nonlinear ultrafast nanophotonics[J]. Nanophotonics, 4, 303-323(2015).

[113] Mills A K, Hammond T J. Lam M H C, et al. XUV frequency combs via femtosecond enhancement cavities[J]. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 45, 142001(2012).

[114] Porat G, Heyl C M, Schoun S B et al. Phase-matched extreme-ultraviolet frequency-comb generation[J]. Nature Photonics, 12, 387-391(2018).

[115] Faisal F H M, Kamiński J Z. Floquet-Bloch theory of high-harmonic generation in periodic structures[J]. Physical Review A, 56, 748-762(1997).

[116] Golde D, Meier T, Koch S W. High harmonics generated in semiconductor nanostructures by the coupled dynamics of optical inter- and intraband excitations[J]. Physical Review B, 77, 075330(2008).

[117] Ghimire S, DiChiara A D, Sistrunk E et al. Observation of high-order harmonic generation in a bulk crystal[J]. Nature Physics, 7, 138-141(2011).

[118] Vampa G, McDonald C R, Orlando G et al. Theoretical analysis of high-harmonic generation in solids[J]. Physical Review Letters, 113, 073901(2014).

[119] Vampa G, Hammond T J, Thiré N et al. Linking high harmonics from gases and solids[J]. Nature, 522, 462-464(2015).

[120] Vampa G, Hammond T J, Thiré N et al. All-optical reconstruction of crystal band structure[J]. Physical Review Letters, 115, 193603(2015).

[121] Lanin A, Stepanov E A, Fedotov A B et al. Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids[J]. Optica, 4, 516-519(2017).

[122] Lakhotia H, Kim H Y, Zhan M et al. Laser picoscopy of valence electrons in solids[J]. Nature, 583, 55-59(2020).