Nonlinear optical limiting effect of graphene dispersions at 3.8 µm

Zhengnan Wu; Yuangang Lu; Jianqin Peng; Jian Huang; Chongjun He

doi:10.3788/COL202321.021902

Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 21, Issue 2, 021902(2023)

Nonlinear optical limiting effect of graphene dispersions at 3.8 µm

Zhengnan Wu^1,2, Yuangang Lu^1,2、*, Jianqin Peng^1,2, Jian Huang^1,2, and Chongjun He¹

¹Key Laboratory of Space Photoelectric Detection and Perception of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

²College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

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Fig. 1. Characterization images of experimental graphene. (a) TEM image of single-layer graphene; (b) HRTEM image of single-layer graphene; (c) XRD pattern of single-layer graphene; (d) XPS pattern of single-layer graphene.

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Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup.

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Fig. 3. Transmittances of graphene dispersions at two different concentrations with thickness of (a) 10 mm and (b) 20 mm.

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Fig. 4. Transmittances of graphene dispersions at two different thicknesses with concentration of (a) 0.004 mg/mL and (b) 0.008 mg/mL.

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Fig. 5. Transmittance changes with incident fluence (solid dots) and bubble radius (solid line) under different sample thicknesses and concentrations. (a) 10 mm, 0.004 mg/mL; (b) 20 mm, 0.004 mg/mL; (c) 10 mm, 0.008 mg/mL; (d) 20 mm, 0.008 mg/mL.

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Fig. 6. Scattering and absorption coefficients versus bubble radius.

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Table 1. Parameters of Two Graphene Dispersions
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Table 1. Parameters of Two Graphene Dispersions
Number Concentration (mg/mL) Solute Solvent (50 mL)
1 0.004 Graphene (0.2 mg) Carbon tetrachloride
2 0.008 Graphene (0.4 mg) Carbon tetrachloride

Table 2. Experimental Results of Graphene Dispersion

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Table 2. Experimental Results of Graphene Dispersion

Number	Concentration (mg/mL)	Thickness (mm)	Linear Transmittance	Minimum Transmittance	$δ$	Limiting Threshold ( $J / {cm}^{2}$ )
1	0.004	10	75.2%	36.5%	0.387	0.13
2	0.004	20	68.7%	29.6%	0.391	0.14
3	0.008	10	69.7%	29.2%	0.405	0.14
4	0.008	20	62.1%	26.4%	0.356	0.15

Table 3. Comparison of Optical Limiting Properties of Several Materials

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Table 3. Comparison of Optical Limiting Properties of Several Materials

Materials	$δ$	$T_{\min}$	Wavelength	References
Graphene dispersions in carbon tetrachloride	0.405	0.292	3.8 µm	This article
0.5 m ${As}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ fiber	0.893	0.123	3.6 µm	[15]
Graphene oxide dispersions in N-methylpyrrolidone	0.385	0.423	1.75 µm	[27]
Graphene oxide Ormosil glasses	0.316	0.184	1.57 µm	[28]
${ZnGeP}_{2}$	0.286	0.591	4.1 µm	[29]

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Zhengnan Wu, Yuangang Lu, Jianqin Peng, Jian Huang, Chongjun He, "Nonlinear optical limiting effect of graphene dispersions at 3.8 µm," Chin. Opt. Lett. 21, 021902 (2023)

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