Fig. 1. Schematic of electron multiplication

Fig. 2. Structural schematic (a) and photograph (b) of the CEM

Fig. 3. Schematic of the test principal

Fig. 4. Schematic of the test principal in the pulse-counting mode

Fig. 5. Temporal variation of resistance

Fig. 6. Gain variation with voltage (a) and input current (b)

Fig. 7. Distribution of output charge (2.5 kV)

Fig. 8. Gain variation (a) and resolution variation (b) with voltage

Fig. 9. Rise-time distribution (2.4 kV) (a) and rise time variation with voltage (b)