Effect of Welding Speed on Microstructure and Properties of Laser‑Welded Joint of TA15 Titanium Alloy

Shichao Liu; Shanlin Wang; Yuanmin Zhang; Zhongkui Dai; Wenbin Tu; Yuhua Chen; Xi Xiao

doi:10.3788/CJL231413

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 20, 2002103(2024)

Effect of Welding Speed on Microstructure and Properties of Laser‑Welded Joint of TA15 Titanium Alloy

Shichao Liu¹, Shanlin Wang^1,2、*, Yuanmin Zhang², Zhongkui Dai², Wenbin Tu^2、**, Yuhua Chen², and Xi Xiao³

¹Nanchang Regional Military Representative Office, Wuhan Regional Military Representative Bureau, Chinese People’s Liberation Army Naval Armaments Department, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi , China

²Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Forming and Joining Technology for Aerospace Components, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, Jiangxi , China

³Jiangxi Hongdu Aviation Industry Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi , China

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Figures & Tables(14)

Fig. 1. Size of tensile specimen (unit: mm)

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Fig. 2. Macroscopic appearances of joints at different welding speeds. (a) 1.25 m/min; (b) 1.55 m/min; (c) 1.85 m/min; (d) 2.15 m/min; (e) 2.45 m/min

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Fig. 3. Widths of WMs and HAZs in joints at different welding speeds

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Fig. 4. Distributions of grain boundaries in each area of joints at different welding speeds. (a) BM; (b) 1.25 m/min, HAZ; (c) 1.85 m/min, HAZ; (d) 2.45 m/min, HAZ; (e) 1.25 m/min, WM; (f) 1.85 m/min, WM; (g) 2.45 m/min, WM

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Fig. 5. Distributions of β phase in each area of joints at different welding speeds. (a) BM; (b) 1.25 m/min, HAZ; (c) 1.85 m/min, HAZ; (d) 2.45 m/min, HAZ; (e) 1.25 m/min, WM; (f) 1.85 m/min, WM; (g) 2.45 m/min, WM

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Fig. 6. Recrystallized structures in each area of joints at different welding speeds. (a) BM; (b) 1.25 m/min, HAZ; (c) 1.85 m/min, HAZ; (d) 2.45 m/min, HAZ; (e) 1.25 m/min, WM; (f) 1.85 m/min, WM; (g) 2.45 m/min, WM

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Fig. 7. Hardness distributions in each area of joints at different welding speeds

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$Macro-morphologies of tensile fractures and tensile curves. (a) Macro-morphologies of tensile fractures; (b) tensile curves$

Fig. 8. Macro-morphologies of tensile fractures and tensile curves. (a) Macro-morphologies of tensile fractures; (b) tensile curves

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Fig. 9. Fracture morphologies of joints at different welding speeds. (a) 1.25 m/min; (b) 1.55 m/min; (c) 1.85 m/min; (d) 2.15 m/min;

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Table 1. Chemical compositions of TA15 titanium alloy
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Table 1. Chemical compositions of TA15 titanium alloy
Element V Al Mo Zr Ti
Mass fraction /% 1.370 6.460 1.250 2.040 Bal.
Element Si Fe C N H
Mass fraction /% 0.006 0.151 0.002 0.001 0.003

Table 2. Grain sizes and volume fractions of HAGB and β phase in Fig.4 and Fig.5

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Table 2. Grain sizes and volume fractions of HAGB and β phase in Fig.4 and Fig.5

Zone	Welding speed /（m/min）	Grain size /μm	Volume fraction of HAGB /%	Volume fraction of β phase /%
BM		1.41	61.7	7.09
HAZ	1.25	1.16	91.1	1.09
HAZ	1.85	0.99	89.7	0.64
HAZ	2.45	0.94	94.2	2.34
WM	1.25	3.09	91.6	0.13
WM	1.85	3.08	93.3	0.10
WM	2.45	2.66	95.8	0.03

Table 3. Statistical results of recrystallized structures in Fig.6

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Table 3. Statistical results of recrystallized structures in Fig.6

Zone	Welding speed / （m/min）	Volume fraction of recrystallized structure /%	Volume fraction of substructure crystal grains /%	Volume fraction of deformed structure /%
BM		15.5	34.9	49.6
HAZ	1.25	31.9	55.0	13.1
HAZ	1.85	23.7	55.2	21.1
HAZ	2.45	29.7	50.6	19.7
WM	1.25	21.7	44.1	34.2
WM	1.85	19.6	51.7	28.7
WM	2.45	25.3	50.9	23.8

Table 4. Statistical results of average microhardness in each area of joints at different welding speeds in Fig.7
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Table 4. Statistical results of average microhardness in each area of joints at different welding speeds in Fig.7
Welding speed /
（m/min）
Average microhardness /HV
BM HAZ WM
1.25 317.3 374.0 374.0
1.55 381.5 381.3
1.85 383.0 389.8
2.15 376.0 381.0
2.45 369.8 373.8

Table 5. Tensile test results of joints at different welding speeds
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Table 5. Tensile test results of joints at different welding speeds
Welding speed /（m/min） Ultimate tensile strength /MPa Elongation /% Reduction of area /%
1.25 1090.9 4.0 9.8
1.55 1126.8 3.8 6.6
1.85 1140.1 3.7 5.3
2.15 1115.0 3.5 8.8
2.45 1093.9 4.0 7.9

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Shichao Liu, Shanlin Wang, Yuanmin Zhang, Zhongkui Dai, Wenbin Tu, Yuhua Chen, Xi Xiao. Effect of Welding Speed on Microstructure and Properties of Laser‑Welded Joint of TA15 Titanium Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(20): 2002103

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Paper Information

Category: Laser Forming Manufacturing

Received: Nov. 17, 2023

Accepted: Jan. 15, 2024

Published Online: Oct. 12, 2024

The Author Email: Wang Shanlin (slwang70518@nchu.edu.cn), Tu Wenbin (wenbintu@nchu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL231413

CSTR:32183.14.CJL231413

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Chemical compositions of TA15 titanium alloy

Table 1. Chemical compositions of TA15 titanium alloy

Table 2. Grain sizes and volume fractions of HAGB and β phase in Fig.4 and Fig.5

Table 2. Grain sizes and volume fractions of HAGB and β phase in Fig.4 and Fig.5

Table 3. Statistical results of recrystallized structures in Fig.6

Table 3. Statistical results of recrystallized structures in Fig.6

Table 4. Statistical results of average microhardness in each area of joints at different welding speeds in Fig.7

Table 4. Statistical results of average microhardness in each area of joints at different welding speeds in Fig.7

Table 5. Tensile test results of joints at different welding speeds

Table 5. Tensile test results of joints at different welding speeds