Fig. 1. O₂-A band airglow radiation signal image measured by five spectral channels of MIGHTI

Fig. 2. Temperature sensitivity of spectral characteristics of airglow radiation in O₂-A band and filter transmission functions of B, C, and D sampling channels of MIGHTI

Fig. 3. Relationship between relative intensity and its ratio of B, C, and D sampling channels of MIGHTI and temperature. (a) Relationship between relative intensity and temperature of B, C, and D channels; (b) relationship between relative intensity ratio of B/C and D/C channel combinations and temperature

Fig. 4. Relative radiance of path integral of O₂-A band airglow measured by MIGHTI and relative intensity of target layer extracted by onion peeling algorithm. (a) Relative radiance of O₂-A band airglow along the line of sight; (b) relative intensity of target layer for three signal channels B, C, and D

Fig. 5. Comparison of temperature profiles between MIGHTI and SABER at similar geographical locations. The error bar on MIGHTI line reflects the estimation error of the instrument and the retrieval process. (a) Temperature comparison between MIGHTI and SABER at close positions at 7:00 local time on January 1, 2021; (b) temperature comparison between MIGHTI and SABER at 6:00 local time on April 24, 2021

Fig. 6. Temperature comparison between MIGHTI and atmospheric model at 12°S-42°N. (a) Temperature distribution of 12°S-42°N of mesosphere-lower thermosphere obtained by MIGHTI; (b) temperature distribution of 12°S-42°N of mesosphere-lower thermosphere obtained by atmospheric model

Fig. 7. Variation of the ratio of MIGHTI and SABER to corresponding atmospheric model temperature with altitude in four days in 2021

Fig. 8. Temperature comparisons between the onion peeling algorithm and the optimization method. (a) Comparison of temperature profiles at 14:00 local time on January 8, 2021; (b) variation of relative temperature error with time from 8:00 to 18:00 local time on January 8, 2021

Fig. 9. Limb-viewing schematic of two field of view (FOV) in MIGHTI

Fig. 10. Temperature inversion results for two FOVs of MIGHTI

Fig. 11. Temperature error of MIGHTI