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Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 45, Issue 7, 0706002(2025)

Adaptive Probabilistic Shaping Combined with Geometric Shaping Technology for Turbulent Channels

Xinyao Wang, Xin Zhao*, Chenyan Shu, Xiaoying Ding, Zhuo Wang, and Jiahui Liu
Author Affiliations
  • School of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, Jilin , China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (11)
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    References (27)
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    Figures & Tables(11)
    System block diagram of adaptive probabilistic shaping combined with geometric shaping scheme

    Fig. 1. System block diagram of adaptive probabilistic shaping combined with geometric shaping scheme

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    Probability distributions of 16-QAM signal. (a) Uniform distribution; (b) probabilistic shaping distribution

    Fig. 2. Probability distributions of 16-QAM signal. (a) Uniform distribution; (b) probabilistic shaping distribution

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    GMI iterative convergence

    Fig. 3. GMI iterative convergence

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    Probability distributions of 16-QAM signal. (a) Geometric shaping; (b) probabilistic shaping combined with geometric shaping

    Fig. 4. Probability distributions of 16-QAM signal. (a) Geometric shaping; (b) probabilistic shaping combined with geometric shaping

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    Gamma-Gamma channel model

    Fig. 5. Gamma-Gamma channel model

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    Constellation diagrams received by 16-QAM when the scintillation index is 0.14. (a) Uniform distribution; (b) geometric shaping; (c) adaptive probabilistic shaping; (d) adaptive probabilistic shaping combined with geometric shaping

    Fig. 6. Constellation diagrams received by 16-QAM when the scintillation index is 0.14. (a) Uniform distribution; (b) geometric shaping; (c) adaptive probabilistic shaping; (d) adaptive probabilistic shaping combined with geometric shaping

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    GMI curves of 16-QAM signal under different scintillation indices

    Fig. 7. GMI curves of 16-QAM signal under different scintillation indices

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    NGMI curves of 16-QAM signal under different scintillation indices

    Fig. 8. NGMI curves of 16-QAM signal under different scintillation indices

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    Pre-FEC BER curves of 16-QAM signal under different scintillation indices

    Fig. 9. Pre-FEC BER curves of 16-QAM signal under different scintillation indices

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    • Table 1. Genetic algorithm process

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      Table 1. Genetic algorithm process

      Input: different turbulence channel state information
      Output: probabilistic shaping factor

      Initialization:

      Generate the initial population Npop.

      Initialize chromosome.

      Set mutation probability Pmut=0.15.

      Set the crossover probability Pcro=0.2.

      Set the number of iterations Niter=1000.
      Iteration:
      Chromosomal mutations.

      Chromosome crossing over.

      Calculate individual fitness function.

      Determine the current average fitness and the best fitness value.

      Store the optimal fitness value and its corresponding optimal chromosome.

      If Niter =1000, end of iteration.
      Output: the optimal probability distribution.

    • Table 2. 16-QAM constellation point positions after geometric shaping

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      Table 2. 16-QAM constellation point positions after geometric shaping

      Constellation point indexCoordinate point
      0－4.3655+0.0000i
      1－3.8122－1.9061i
      2－1.8979－3.7958i
      30.0000－4.3235i
      4－3.9214+1.9607i
      5－1.4411+0.0000i
      60.0000－1.4216i
      71.9186－3.8372i
      81.8565+3.7130i
      90.0000+1.4237i
      101.4307+0.0000i
      113.6750－1.8375i
      120.0000+ 4.3696i
      131.8839+3.7678i
      143.8289+1.9145i
      154.2444+0.0000i
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    Xinyao Wang, Xin Zhao, Chenyan Shu, Xiaoying Ding, Zhuo Wang, Jiahui Liu. Adaptive Probabilistic Shaping Combined with Geometric Shaping Technology for Turbulent Channels[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(7): 0706002

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    Paper Information

    Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications

    Received: Dec. 20, 2024

    Accepted: Feb. 26, 2025

    Published Online: Apr. 16, 2025

    The Author Email: Xin Zhao (zhaox@cust.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/AOS241914

    CSTR:32393.14.AOS241914

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology