To study the optical properties of multilayer AlGaN films with high Al content and calculate the relevant optical parameters, we fitted the transmission spectra of two samples based on the method of the multilayer-film transfer matrix. According to the mechanism of the AlGaN materials absorbing the incident light on different wavelengths, considering the out-of-band weak absorption of the materials, we established an absorption coefficient model in the all-band range (200--800 nm). At the same time, the root mean square (RMS) parameter of surface roughness was introduced to characterize the effect of the surface roughness of the materials on the transmission spectra. Furthermore, the transmission spectra of two Al_0.65Ga_0.35N samples with different structural parameters were fitted by the proposed model, and the fitting results were in good agreement with the experimental results. The absorption coefficient of Al_0.65Ga_0.35N material in the all-band range provided reliable experimental data for the study of the response spectra of solar-blind UV detectors. Additionally, the parameters such as film thickness, refractive index, and surface roughness of the Al_0.65Ga_0.35N materials were also obtained.