Fig. 1. Process for simultaneously reconstructing optical absorption coefficient and optical fluence distribution

Fig. 2. Polar coordinate system of imaging plane

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of matrix decomposition

Fig. 4. Geometry of simulated grid model and simulated vascular model. (a) Simulated grid model; (b) simulated vascular model

Fig. 5. Image results of simulation models. (a) Grid model; (b) vascular model

Fig. 6. Quantitative evaluation metrics for estimation accuracy of optical absorption coefficient and reconstructed images of simulation models. (a) RMSE; (b) NMSAD; (c) SSIM

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram and photo of geometric structure of actual model

Fig. 8. Image results of actual model

Fig. 9. Quantitative evaluation metrics for estimation accuracy of optical absorption coefficient and reconstructed images of actual model. (a) RMSE; (b) NMSAD; (c) SSIM

Fig. 10. Optical absorption coefficient diagrams reconstructed by different similarity measurement methods, optimization algorithms and AOED recovery methods. (a) Results obtained by different similarity measurement methods; (b) results obtained by different optimization algorithms; (c) results obtained by different AOED recovery methods

Fig. 11. Quantitative evaluation metrics of optical absorption coefficient diagrams reconstructed by different similarity measurement methods, optimization algorithms and AOED recovery methods. (a) Similarity measurement methods; (b) optimization algorithms; (c) AOED recovery methods

Fig. 12. Optical absorption coefficient diagrams and evaluation metrics of vascular model obtained by different joint reconstruction methods. (a) Reconstructed images; (b) evaluation metrics