Towards an optimum saturable absorber for the multi-gigahertz harmonic mode locking of fiber lasers

Jakub Bogusławski; Grzegorz Soboń; Rafał Zybała; Jarosław Sotor

doi:10.1364/PRJ.7.001094

Photonics Research, Volume. 7, Issue 9, 1094(2019)

Towards an optimum saturable absorber for the multi-gigahertz harmonic mode locking of fiber lasers

Jakub Bogusławski^1,2、*, Grzegorz Soboń², Rafał Zybała^3,4, and Jarosław Sotor²

¹Department of Physical Chemistry of Biological Systems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 42/44, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland

²Laser & Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland

³University Research Center Functional Materials, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland

⁴Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland

show less

References(43)

[1] S. H. Chung, E. Mazur. Surgical applications of femtosecond lasers. J. Biophoton., 2, 557-572(2009).

[2] C. Kerse, H. Kalaycoğlu, P. Elahi, B. Çetin, D. K. Kesim, Ö. Akçaalan, S. Yavaş, M. D. Aşk, B. Öktem, H. Hoogland, R. Holzwarth, F. Ö. Ilday. Ablation-cooled material removal with ultrafast bursts of pulses. Nature, 537, 84-88(2016).

[3] P. Elahi, Ö. Akçaalan, C. Ertek, K. Eken, F. Ö. Ilday, H. Kalaycoğlu. High-power Yb-based all-fiber laser delivering 300 fs pulses for high-speed ablation-cooled material removal. Opt. Lett., 43, 535-538(2018).

[4] H. Kalaycoğlu, P. Elahi, Ö. Akçaalan, F. Ö. Ilday. High-repetition-rate ultrafast fiber lasers for material processing. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 24, 8800312(2018).

[5] C. Kerse, H. Kalaycoğlu, P. Elahi, Ö. Akçaalan, F. Ö. Ilday. 3.5-GHz intra-burst repetition rate ultrafast Yb-doped fiber laser. Opt. Commun., 366, 404-409(2016).

[6] P. Elahi, H. Kalaycioğlu, Ö. Akçaalan, Ç. Şenel, F. Ö. Ilday. Burst-mode thulium all-fiber laser delivering femtosecond pulses at a 1 GHz intra-burst repetition rate. Opt. Lett., 42, 3808-3811(2017).

[7] D. Strickland, G. Mourou. Compression of amplified chirped optical pulses. Opt. Commun., 55, 447-449(1985).

[8] H. Cheng, W. Wang, Y. Zhou, T. Qiao, W. Lin, Y. Guo, S. Xu, Z. Yang. High-repetition-rate ultrafast fiber lasers. Opt. Express, 26, 16411-16421(2018).

[9] A. Martinez, S. Yamashita. Multi-gigahertz repetition rate passively modelocked fiber lasers using carbon nanotubes. Opt. Express, 19, 6155-6163(2011).

[10] S. Tao, L. Xu, G. Chen, C. Gu, H. Song. Ultra-high repetition rate harmonic mode-locking generated in a dispersion and nonlinearity managed fiber laser. J. Lightwave Technol., 34, 2354-2357(2016).

[11] D. Tang, L.-M. Zhao, B. Zhao, A. Liu. Mechanism of multisoliton formation and soliton energy quantization in passively mode-locked fiber lasers. Phys. Rev. A, 72, 043816(2005).

[12] G. Semaan, A. Komarov, M. Salhi, F. Sanchez. Study of a harmonic mode lock stability under external continuous-wave injection. Opt. Commun., 387, 65-69(2017).

[13] J. Roth, N. Bonadeo, K. Bergman, W. Knox. Polarisation-maintaining, harmonically modelocked soliton fibre laser with repetition rate stabilisation using optical pumping of saturable Bragg reflector. Electron. Lett., 38, 16-17(2002).

[14] G. Sobon, J. Sotor, K. M. Abramski. Passive harmonic mode-locking in Er-doped fiber laser based on graphene saturable absorber with repetition rates scalable to 2.22 GHz. Appl. Phys. Lett., 100, 161109(2012).

[15] M. Liu, X.-W. Zheng, Y.-L. Qi, H. Liu, A.-P. Luo, Z.-C. Luo, W.-C. Xu, C.-J. Zhao, H. Zhang. Microfiber-based few-layer MoS₂ saturable absorber for 2.5 GHz passively harmonic mode-locked fiber laser. Opt. Express, 22, 22841-22846(2014).

[16] Y. Wang, D. Mao, X. Gan, L. Han, C. Ma, T. Xi, Y. Zhang, W. Shang, S. Hua, J. Zhao. Harmonic mode locking of bound-state solitons fiber laser based on MoS₂ saturable absorber. Opt. Express, 23, 205-210(2015).

[17] J. Lee, J. Park, J. Koo, Y. M. Jhon, J. H. Lee. Harmonically mode-locked femtosecond fiber laser using non-uniform, WS₂-particle deposited side-polished fiber. J. Opt., 18, 035502(2016).

[18] Z.-C. Luo, M. Liu, H. Liu, X.-W. Zheng, A.-P. Luo, C.-J. Zhao, H. Zhang, S.-C. Wen, W.-C. Xu. 2 GHz passively harmonic mode-locked fiber laser by a microfiber-based topological insulator saturable absorber. Opt. Lett., 38, 5212-5215(2013).

[19] J. Lee, J. Koo, Y. M. Jhon, J. H. Lee. Femtosecond harmonic mode-locking of a fiber laser based on a bulk-structured BiTe₃ topological insulator. Opt. Express, 23, 6359-6369(2015).

[20] M. Pawliszewska, Y. Ge, Z. Li, H. Zhang, J. Sotor. Fundamental and harmonic mode-locking at 2.1 μm with black phosphorus saturable absorber. Opt. Express, 25, 16916-16921(2017).

[21] M. Nakazawa, E. Yoshida. A 40-GHz 850-fs regeneratively fm mode-locked polarization-maintaining erbium fiber ring laser. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 12, 1613-1615(2000).

[22] J. Bogusławski, Y. Wang, H. Xue, X. Yang, D. Mao, X. Gan, Z. Ren, J. Zhao, Q. Dai, G. Soboń, J. Sotor, Z. Sun. Graphene actively mode-locked lasers. Adv. Funct. Mater., 28, 1801539(2018).

[23] E. Thoen, E. Koontz, M. Joschko, P. Langlois, T. Schibli, F. Kärtner, E. Ippen, L. Kolodziejski. Two-photon absorption in semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors. Appl. Phys. Lett., 74, 3927-3929(1999).

[24] R. Zybała, K. Mars, A. Mikuła, J. Bogusławski, G. Soboń, J. Sotor, M. Schmidt, K. Kaszyca, M. Chmielewski, L. Ciupiński, K. Pietrzak. Synthesis and characterization of antimony telluride for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications. Arch. Metal. Mater., 62, 1067-1070(2017).

[25] P. Loiko, J. Bogusławski, J. M. Serres, E. Kifle, M. Kowalczyk, X. Mateos, J. Sotor, R. Zybała, K. Mars, A. Mikuła, K. Kaszyca, M. Aguiló, F. Díaz, U. Griebner, V. Petrov. Sb₂Te₃ thin film for the passive Q-switching of a Tm:GDVO₄ laser. Opt. Mater. Express, 8, 1723-1732(2018).

[26] R. Zybala, K. T. Wojciechowski. Anisotropy analysis of thermoelectric properties of Bi₂Te_2.9Se_0.1 prepared by SPS method. AIP Conf. Proc., 1449, 393-396(2012).

[27] G. Sobon. Mode-locking of fiber lasers using novel two-dimensional nanomaterials: graphene and topological insulators. Photon. Res., 3, A56-A63(2015).

[28] R. Grange, M. Haiml, R. Paschotta, G. Spühler, L. Krainer, M. Golling, O. Ostinelli, U. Keller. New regime of inverse saturable absorption for self-stabilizing passively mode-locked lasers. Appl. Phys. B, 80, 151-158(2005).

[29] M. Haiml, R. Grange, U. Keller. Optical characterization of semiconductor saturable absorbers. Appl. Phys. B, 79, 331-339(2004).

[30] T. Schibli, E. Thoen, F. Kärtner, E. Ippen. Suppression of Q-switched mode locking and break-up into multiple pulses by inverse saturable absorption. Appl. Phys. B, 70, S41-S49(2000).

[31] G. P. Agrawal. Nonlinear fiber optics. Nonlinear Science at the Dawn of the 21st Century, 195-211(2000).

[32] C. S. Jun, S. Y. Choi, F. Rotermund, B. Y. Kim, D.-I. Yeom. Toward higher-order passive harmonic mode-locking of a soliton fiber laser. Opt. Lett., 37, 1862-1864(2012).

[33] L. Nelson, D. Jones, K. Tamura, H. Haus, E. Ippen. Ultrashort-pulse fiber ring lasers. Appl. Phys. B, 65, 277-294(1997).

[34] J. Li, Y. Wang, H. Luo, Y. Liu, Z. Yan, Z. Sun, L. Zhang. Kelly sideband suppression and wavelength tuning of a conventional soliton in a Tm-doped hybrid mode-locked fiber laser with an all-fiber lyot filter. Photon. Res., 7, 103-109(2019).

[35] C. W. Rudy, K. E. Urbanek, M. J. Digonnet, R. L. Byer. Amplified 2-μm thulium-doped all-fiber mode-locked figure-eight laser. J. Lightwave Technol., 31, 1809-1812(2013).

[36] B. Oktem, C. Ülgüdür, F. Ö. Ilday. Soliton-similariton fibre laser. Nat. Photonics, 4, 307-311(2010).

[37] F. Amrani, A. Haboucha, M. Salhi, H. Leblond, A. Komarov, P. Grelu, F. Sanchez. Passively mode-locked erbium-doped double-clad fiber laser operating at the 322nd harmonic. Opt. Lett., 34, 2120-2122(2009).

[38] A. Komarov, H. Leblond, F. Sanchez. Multistability and hysteresis phenomena in passively mode-locked fiber lasers. Phys. Rev. A, 71, 053809(2005).

[39] I. Jung, F. Kärtner, N. Matuschek, D. Sutter, F. Morier-Genoud, Z. Shi, V. Scheuer, M. Tilsch, T. Tschudi, U. Keller. Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors supporting sub-10-fs pulses. Appl. Phys. B, 65, 137-150(1997).

[40] C. S. Jun, J. H. Im, S. H. Yoo, S. Y. Choi, F. Rotermund, D.-I. Yeom, B. Y. Kim. Low noise GHz passive harmonic mode-locking of soliton fiber laser using evanescent wave interaction with carbon nanotubes. Opt. Express, 19, 19775-19780(2011).

[41] F. Rana, H. L. Lee, R. J. Ram, M. E. Grein, L. A. Jiang, E. P. Ippen, H. A. Haus. Characterization of the noise and correlations in harmonically mode-locked lasers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 19, 2609-2621(2002).

[42] O. Pottiez, O. Deparis, R. Kiyan, M. Haelterman, P. Emplit, P. Mégret, M. Blondel. Supermode noise of harmonically mode-locked erbium fiber lasers with composite cavity. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 38, 252-259(2002).

[43] S. Ko, J. Lee, J. Koo, J. H. Lee. Experimental investigation into generation of bursts of linearly-polarized, dissipative soliton pulses from a figure-eight fiber laser at 1.03 μm. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 57, 032701(2018).

CLP Journals

[1] Qiubai Yang, Yan Jiao, Chunlei Yu, Chongyun Shao, Fengguang Lou, Shikai Wang, Lei Zhang, Qiuhong Yang, Lili Hu, "Gain and laser performance of heavily Er-doped silica fiber fabricated by MCVD combined with the sol-gel method," Chin. Opt. Lett. 19, 110603 (2021)

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Jakub Bogusławski, Grzegorz Soboń, Rafał Zybała, Jarosław Sotor, "Towards an optimum saturable absorber for the multi-gigahertz harmonic mode locking of fiber lasers," Photonics Res. 7, 1094 (2019)

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites

Paper Information

Category: Lasers and Laser Optics

Received: May. 8, 2019

Accepted: Jul. 25, 2019

Published Online: Aug. 26, 2019

The Author Email: Jakub Bogusławski (jakub.boguslawski@pwr.edu.pl)

DOI:10.1364/PRJ.7.001094

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology