Fig. 1. Schematic of the experimental setup used for ICCD imaging and OES of a Nd:YAG laser-produced Sn plasma.

Fig. 2. EUV and laser waveform in an oscilloscope.

Fig. 3. Time evolution of Sn plasma expansion and the emission spectrum with an air pressure of 50 Pa and laser energy of 130 mJ.

Fig. 4. Particle kinetic energy versus delay time along the normal to the target surface at 50 Pa and laser energy of 130 mJ.

Fig. 5. Temporal evolution of the Sn I 510.46 nm and Sn II 533.23 nm line at the delay time from 38 ns to 143 ns.

Fig. 6. Temporal evolution of the electron temperature and density.

Fig. 7. Maximum kinetic energy versus the delay time under different atmosphere pressure and laser energy, respectively.

Fig. 8. Variation of maximum electron temperature and electron density with delay time under different pressures (5 Pa, 50 Pa, 102  Pa, 103  Pa, 104  Pa).The incident energy is 130 mJ.

Fig. 9. Variation of maximum electron temperature and electron density for different incident laser energies (50, 104, 130, 182 mJ). The air pressure is 50 Pa.