Fig. 1. Mechanical machining process of CFRP. (a) Schematics of mechanical processing of CFRP (turning, milling, drilling)^[14]; (b) comparison of different drill bits and CFRP drilling results^[17]; (c) results of continuous drilling on CFRP by drill bits with/without sawtooth structure^[18]; (d) effects of different knurling mills on surface roughness of CFRP^[19]

Fig. 2. Ultrasonic machining process of CFRP. (a) RUEM diagram of CFRP^[28]; (b) detailed illustrations of hole entrances for CD and RUEM processes^[28]; (c) scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of CFRP surface processed by CSG and RUM processes^[29]; (d) images of CFRP surface processed by conventional milling (CM) and RUAM processes^[30]

Fig. 3. Water jet processing of CFRP. (a) Comparison of CFRP slits machined by different hydraulic abrasive water jets^[38]; (b)‒(d) common CFRP defect forms in water jet machining (notch quality, layering, and abrasive embedding)^[35,42]

Fig. 4. Electrical discharge machining of CFRP. (a)(b) Thermal damage easily caused by electric discharge machining of CFRP^[49-50]; (c) drilling hole qualities during electric discharge machining of CFRP under different energy application methods^[51]

Fig. 5. Morphologies of traditional laser processed CFRP. CFRP machined with (a) Nd∶YAG pulsed laser, (b) disk laser, and (c) CO₂ laser^[62]; CFRP cross sections cut with (d) continuous wave and (e) nanosecond pulsed CO₂ laser^[66]; drilling results with (f) millisecond, (g) nanosecond, and (h) picosecond laser^[67]

Fig. 6. Results of ultrafast laser processing of CFRP. (a)‒(d) Schematics and results of picosecond laser "double rotation" drilling of CFRP^[68]; slit topographies of CFRP cut with high-power picosecond laser when scanning times are (e) 50, (f) 100, (g) 200^[69]; (h) femtosecond laser drilling of CFRP^[71]

Fig. 7. Water guided laser processing of CFRP. (a) Schematic of water-guided laser processing^[77]; (b) comparison of CFRP sections cut by water-guided laser and conventional laser^[78]; (c) slit morphology of 4 mm thick CFRP after water-guided laser processing^[79]

Fig. 8. Laser drilling of CFRP. (a) Influence of laser AOI on CFRP sidewall taper^[90]; (b) schematic of "double beam" laser drilling process and hole cross-section morphology^[91]; (c) schematic and processing effect of sequential scanning mode and interlaced scanning mode^[92]

Fig. 9. Laser surface treatment of CFRP. (a) Surface morphologies of CFRP treated with infrared and ultraviolet radiation^［94］； (b) laser preparation of CFRP Surface Micro/Nanostructures^［96］

Fig. 10. Laser welding of CFRP and metal materials. Comparison of bubbles during laser welding of CFRP and steel (a) before and (b) after optimization^[99]; (c) rectangular and (d) Gaussian laser joining of CFRP and Al-Li alloy^[100]

Fig. 11. Mechanism of interaction between laser and CFRP. (a) Numerical model for homogenization treatment of CFRP^[107]; (b) numerical model for heterogeneous treatment of CFRP^[110]; (c) CFRP high-speed camera observation experiment^[112]; (d) CFRP detection experiment by acoustic emission technology^[114]

Fig. 12. Applications of CFRP in aircraft. (a) Material distribution of Boeing 787^[116]; (b) material distribution of Airbus A350^[117]; (c) material distribution and (d) composite tail of MQ-1 Predator unmanned aerial vehicle^[118]; (e) application parts of helicopter composite materials^[119]

Fig. 13. Application of CFRP on Hercules-4 launch vehicle^[121]

Fig. 14. Applications of CFRP on satellites^[123]. (a) A certain satellite probe is covered with CFRP skin; (b) satellite antenna CFRP support ribs