Fig. 1. Near-field probe of NSOM

Fig. 2. Specialized apertures of NSOM probe

Fig. 3. Specialized scatter tips for near-field probes

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram for mapping SPP near fields using nanoparticles

Fig. 5. Far-field projection of PS nanoparticles as near-field probes and collection efficiency

Fig. 6. Measured SPP using PS nanoparticles with different diameters and theoretical calculations

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of the gap mode system of NP-metal film under SERS and the gap mode diagram of metal particle-metal film

Fig. 8. Comparison of scanned SPP field intensity distribution focused by various incident vector beams and theoretical calculations

Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of silicon nanoparticles as near-field probes, resonance spectrum, and magnetic dipole resonance mode distribution

Fig. 10. Far-field radiation projection of silicon nanoparticles irradiated by three components of TE mode

Fig. 11. Principle of anapole resonance in silver core-silicon shell nanoparticles

Fig. 12. Measured and theoretical distribution of in-plane magnetic field for tightly focused polarized beams

Fig. 13. Schematic diagram of the system for characterizing the electromagnetic field components of tightly focused beams

Fig. 14. Characterization of different components of focused beam by Au/Ag particles on film

Fig. 15. Detection principle of two mode waveguide probe for three electric field components

Fig. 16. Measured and calculated results of tightly focused AP and RP beams

Fig. 17. WMCE radiation characteristics of silicon nanoparticles on MDW

Fig. 18. WMCE spectra and scanning and calculating intensity distribution of tightly focused AP beams

Fig. 19. Gold nanoparticles combined with Mie scattering theory to reconstruct the focus field distribution（top left）, measurement of transverse spin density（TSD）using silicon nanoparticles（top right）, and electromagnetic field component detection using silicon particle on a fiber probe tip（bottom）.