Fig. 1. Spatial-domain shower-curtain effect. (a) Schematic diagram of optical path; (b) Observation results: The first and second rows are illuminated by white LED and laser respectively ^[49]

Fig. 2. Observations of T-effect: Images of the test- object are observed through the layer of milk solution (upper row) at T=0, 0.006 and 0.2 (from left to right) and through the milk glass (lower row) at T=0, 0.025 and 0.38 (from left to right)^[59]

Fig. 3. Imaging system with random medium ^[63]

Fig. 4. Cross image through a random medium of optical depth 10: (a) \begin{document}$ H $\end{document}=15 km, (b) \begin{document}$ H $\end{document}=4 km, (c) \begin{document}$ H $\end{document}=1.5 m, (d) \begin{document}$ H $\end{document}=0.4 m. Cross image through a random medium of optical depth 25: (e) \begin{document}$ H $\end{document}=1.5 m, (f) \begin{document}$ H $\end{document}=0.4 m ^[63]

Fig. 5. Smallest resolvable feature with increasing layers of papers (red) or tapes (black)^[38]

Fig. 6. Cross-section of the autocorrelation of a double slit aperture when placed behind a static ground glass (blue) and a rotating ground glass (red)^[38]

Fig. 7. Optical path diagram of the FDSE-based method^[49]

Fig. 8. (a) The target; (b) Optical setup, target and camera located at 0 m and 5 m, the scatters/curtains moved by steps of 1 m. (c) Observed results, top: adhesive plastic cover, middle: mosquito screen, bottom: fiberglass furnace filter^[65]

Fig. 9. (a) Layered model made of a source, multiple scattering layers, lens and a detector; (b) MTF of different layers^[65]

Fig. 10. Experimental setup of optical imaging using FDSE and speckle illumination^[38]

Fig. 11. Schematics of the FDSE-based method with a positive lens for optimization^[34]

Fig. 12. Image restoration with different diffusers: (a) 1°, (b) 5°, (c) 10°, (d) 40°, SP: Speckle pattern, ACA: The average of 1000 frames of autocorrelations, R1: Restoration from the ACA^[34]

Fig. 13. Experimental setup for imaging, S1, S2: ground glass, diffuser^[67]

Fig. 14. GS algorithm flow

Fig. 15. (a) Experimental setup using ptychography and shower-curtain effect, the experimental results through a dynamic onion skin tissue: (b) Resolution target； (c) Hair-follicle cell of human skin^[81]

Fig. 16. ePIE algorithm flow