Design and Analysis of Zoom Optical System Based on Liquid Lens

Zijun He; Yinchuan Feng; Songfeng Kou; Meimei Kong; Zhongcheng Liang; Jun Dai; Ju Ren; Yang Wang; Rui Zhao

doi:10.3788/LOP242201

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 62, Issue 12, 1222001(2025)

Design and Analysis of Zoom Optical System Based on Liquid Lens

Zijun He¹, Yinchuan Feng¹, Songfeng Kou^2,3, Meimei Kong¹, Zhongcheng Liang¹, Jun Dai⁴, Ju Ren⁴, Yang Wang⁴, and Rui Zhao^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, School of Flexible Electronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu , China

²Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu , China

³CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics & Technology, Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu , China

⁴Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan , China

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Figures & Tables(10)

Fig. 1. Schematic of optical system structure with focal length of 20 mm

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Fig. 2. Optimized zoom system structure. (a) f=20 mm; (b) f=40 mm; (c) f=60 mm; (d) f=80 mm

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Fig. 3. MTF curves of zoom optical system. (a) f=20 mm; (b) f=40 mm; (c) f=60 mm; (d) f=80 mm

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Fig. 4. Distortion diagrams of zoom optical system. (a) f=20 mm; (b) f=40 mm; (c) f=60 mm; (d) f=80 mm

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Fig. 5. Point array diagrams of zoom optical system. (a) f=20 mm; (b) f=40 mm; (c) f=60 mm; (d) f=80 mm

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Table 1. Design indicators based on liquid lens optical system
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Table 1. Design indicators based on liquid lens optical system
Parameter Demand
Wavelength F， D， C visible light
System total length /mm ≤120
Field of view /（°） 10‒24
Zoom range /mm 20‒80
MTF value ≥0.3 @ 80 lp/mm
Distortion /% ≤2
Image distance /mm ≥10

Table 2. System structure parameter at focal length of 20 mm
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Table 2. System structure parameter at focal length of 20 mm
Optical power /D Spacing /mm
$φ_{1} = 0.6$ $d_{1} = 11.460$
$φ_{2} = - 25.0$ $d_{2} = 19.940$
$φ_{3} = 4.6$ $d_{3} = 22.720$
$φ_{4} = 11.1$ $d_{4} = 1.998$
$φ_{5} = - 3.4$ $d_{5} = 8.674$
$φ_{6} = 30.0$ —

Table 3. Optical power values of each liquid lens
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Table 3. Optical power values of each liquid lens
Lens Optical power of the system /D
20 mm 40 mm 60 mm 80 mm
G₂ -30.0 -8.1 -2.7 0.5
G₃ 10.6 6.4 10.4 11.5
G₄ 13.9 5.9 -7.7 -19.5

Table 4. Tolerance allocation of zoom optical system

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Table 4. Tolerance allocation of zoom optical system

Tolerance type	Value
Surface curvature radius /mm	±0.0200
Surface thickness /mm	±0.0500
Surface eccentricity /mm	±0.0500
Surface inclination /（°）	±0.0167
Component eccentricity /mm	±0.0500
Component tilt /（°）	±0.0167
Refractive index	±0.0010

Table 5. MTF variation under worst-case deviation tolerance

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Table 5. MTF variation under worst-case deviation tolerance

Tolerance	Variation	MTF decline at different system focal lengths
Tolerance	Variation	20 mm	40 mm	60 mm	80 mm
R₁	-0.020	-0.03904	-0.00323	-0.00668	-0.00569
R₂	0.020	-0.01844	-0.00492	-0.00331	-0.00313
n₁	-0.001	-0.01266	-0.01719	-0.01467	-0.01238
n₂	0.001	-0.01189	-0.01571	-0.01195	-0.01175

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Zijun He, Yinchuan Feng, Songfeng Kou, Meimei Kong, Zhongcheng Liang, Jun Dai, Ju Ren, Yang Wang, Rui Zhao. Design and Analysis of Zoom Optical System Based on Liquid Lens[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(12): 1222001

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