Fig. 1. Laser melting deposition system. (a) Photo of the system; (b) forming process; (c) forming path; (d) tensile sample

Fig. 2. Microstructures of as-deposited TC11 titanium alloy. (a) Single cladding microstructure; (b) microstructure of A zone; (c) microstructure of B zone; (d) microstructure of formed parts

Fig. 3. Microstructures of as-deposited TC11 titanium alloy. (a) OM morphology of equiaxed zone; (b) OM morphology of columnar zone; (c) intragranular OM mophology; (d) SEM morphology of equiaxed zone; (e) SEM morphology of columnar zone; (f) intragranular SEM morphology and EDS point analysis

Fig. 4. Microstructures of TC11 titanium alloy at different annealing temperatures. (a1) Intragranular microstructure at annealing temperature of 950 ℃; (a2) grain boundary at annealing temperature of 950 ℃; (a3) SEM morphology of α phase at annealing temperature of 950 ℃; (b1) intragranular microstructure at annealing temperature of 965 ℃; (b2) grain boundary at annealing temperature of 965 ℃; (b3) SEM morphology of α phase at annealing temperature of 965 ℃; (c1) intragranular microstructure at annealing temperature of 980 ℃; (c2) grain boundary at annealing temperature of 980 ℃; (c3) SEM morphology of α phase at annealing temperature of 980 ℃; (d1) intragranular microstructure at annealing temperature of 995 ℃; (d2) grain boundary at annealing temperature of 995 ℃; (d3) SEM morphology of α phase at annealing temperature of 995 ℃; (e1) intragranular microstructure at annealing temperature of 1010 ℃; (e2) grain boundary at annealing temperature of 1010 ℃; (e3) SEM morphology of α phase at annealing temperature of 1010 ℃; (f1) intragranular microstructure of α phase at annealing temperature of 1025 ℃; (f2) grain boundary at annealing temperature of 1025 ℃; (f3) SEM morphology of α phase at annealing temperature of 1025 ℃

Fig. 5. Tensile properties. (a) Transverse tensile properties; (b) longitudinal tensile properties; (c) yield strength ratio; (d) anisotropy

Fig. 6. Tensile fractures of as-deposited TC11 titanium alloy. (a) Macroscopic morphology of longitudinal fracture; (b) longitudinal fracture at low magnification; (c) longitudinal fracture at high magnification; (d) macroscopic morphology of transverse fracture; (e) transverse fracture at low magnification; (f) transverse fracture at high magnification

Fig. 7. Tensile fractures of TC11 titanium alloy heat-treated at different temperatures. (a) 950 ℃; (b) 965 ℃; (c) 980 ℃; (d) 995 ℃; (e) 1010 ℃; (f) 1025 ℃