The solar simulator is an important experimental device that can offer irradiation resembling natural sunlight indoors, which can be used for testing and calibrating products such as photovoltaic modules and photoelectric devices by simulating real sunlight conditions. To assess the performance of products accurately, it is crucial that the solar simulator spectrum and the real solar spectrum match to a great degree. Firstly, an introduction to the application fields and the categorization standards for solar simulators was briefly described. Then, the spectrum matching techniques for solar simulators with various light sources were summarized. According to these different spectrum matching techniques, the structures of typical solar simulators were introduced and their spectral matching performances were compared. Finally, based on the current demand, the development trend of spectrum matching techniques in solar simulators was summarized and analyzed.