Properties of Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces Porous Structures Fabricated via Selective Laser Melting

Yi Shi; Wurikaixi Aiyiti; Yutao Zhang

doi:10.3788/LOP240861

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 62, Issue 1, 0114007(2025)

Properties of Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces Porous Structures Fabricated via Selective Laser Melting

Yi Shi^1、*, Wurikaixi Aiyiti¹, and Yutao Zhang^1,2

¹Modern Industrial College of Intelligent Manufacturing (School of Mechanical Engineering), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang , China

²Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Urumqi 830023, Xinjiang , China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 1. Specimen prepared by SLM technology. (a) 70% porosity sample; (b) gradient density sample; (c) gradient size sample

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Fig. 2. Microscopic morphology of the porous structure. (a) G-type upper surface; (b) G-type side surface; (c) P-type upper surface; (d) P-type side surface

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Fig. 3. Stress-strain curves. (a) G-type structure; (b) P-type structure

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Fig. 4. Histogram of elastic modulus and yield strength. (a) Elastic modulus; (b) yield strength

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Fig. 5. Energy absorption surfaces. (a) G-type structure; (b) P-type structure

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Fig. 6. Deformation failure mode. (a) G-type compression deformation; (b) G-type finite element simulation; (c) P-type compression deformation; (d) P-type finite element simulation

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Fig. 7. Histogram of elastic modulus and yield strength of gradient structure. (a) Elastic modulus; (b) yield strength

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Fig. 8. Deformation failure mode of gradient structure

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Table 1. TPMS function expressions
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Table 1. TPMS function expressions
TPMS structure type Trigonometric expressions
Schoen gyroid （G） $f_{G} = c o s (X) s i n (Y) + c o s (Y) s i n (Z) + c o s (Z) s i n (X) = C$
Schwarz primitive （P） $f_{P} = c o s (X) + c o s (Y) + c o s (Z) = C$

Table 2. Group table of porous structures

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Table 2. Group table of porous structures

Serial number	Sample	C-value /mm	Serial number	Sample	C-value /mm
1	G-50-3	0.76	9	P-70-3	0.52
2	G-60-3	0.61	10	P-50-2.5	0.87
3	G-70-3	0.47	11	P-60-2.5	0.70
4	G-50-2.5	0.76	12	P-70-2.5	0.52
5	G-60-2.5	0.61	13	G-50-70	‒
6	G-70-2.5	0.47	14	G-2.5-3	‒
7	P-50-3	0.87	15	P-50-70	‒
8	P-60-3	0.70	16	P-2.5-3	‒

Table 3. Chemical composition of 316L stainless steel
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Table 3. Chemical composition of 316L stainless steel
Element C Mn S Ni Cu Si P Cr Mo Fe
Mass fraction /% 0.03 2.00 0.01 12.50‒13.00 0.50 0.75 0.02 17.50‒18.00 2.25‒2.50 Bal.

Table 4. Comparison of wall thickness and porosity

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Table 4. Comparison of wall thickness and porosity

Sample	Designed wall thickness /mm	Wall thickness parallel to print direction /mm	Wall thickness vertical to print direction /mm	Measuring porosity /%
G-S-50-3	0.55	0.55±0.01	0.55±0.03	48.89±0.60
G-S-60-3	0.43	0.44±0.03	0.45±0.02	57.96±0.79
G-S-70-3	0.33	0.34±0.05	0.35±0.02	69.18±0.68
G-S-50-2.5	0.44	0.44±0.02	0.44±0.05	48.13±0.92
G-S-60-2.5	0.34	0.35±0.02	0.36±0.04	58.06±1.00
G-S-70-2.5	0.26	0.28±0.01	0.30±0.06	68.90±0.84
P-S-50-3	0.78	0.78±0.01	0.79±0.02	49.40±0.81
P-S-60-3	0.58	0.58±0.02	0.61±0.03	59.20±0.89
P-S-70-3	0.42	0.42±0.01	0.44±0.02	69.36±0.76
P-S-50-2.5	0.58	0.58±0.03	0.59±0.01	47.93±1.09
P-S-60-2.5	0.45	0.45±0.01	0.48±0.06	58.35±0.78
P-S-70-2.5	0.33	0.33±0.02	0.37±0.03	68.17±0.87
G-50-70	0.33/0.43	0.33±0.05	0.41±0.07	57.11±1.90
G-2.5-3	0.43/0.38	0.43±0.05	0.38±0.10	57.56±1.77
P-50-70	0.42/0.58	0.42±0.03	0.58±0.05	58.65±1.48
P-2.5-3	0.58/0.50	0.58±0.08	0.50±0.09	57.04±1.95

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Yi Shi, Wurikaixi Aiyiti, Yutao Zhang. Properties of Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces Porous Structures Fabricated via Selective Laser Melting[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(1): 0114007

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