Video Skin-Color Enhancement Method Based on Video-Guided Model Updates

Fig. 6. Skin color sampling process. (a) 68 feature points; (b) feature point number and area division; (c) calculating the midpoint coordinates to determine the reference point; (d) 210 skin-color reference points

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Fig. 7. Distribution of human skin color in the YCbCr color space

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Fig. 8. Skin mask merging

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Fig. 9. Skin-color classification results for different connected domains in the current frame

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Fig. 10. Distribution of preferred skin color of three races. (a) Asian; (b) Caucasian; (c) African

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Fig. 11. Distribution of preferred skin color of Asian. (a) Distribution of 30 points in the YCbCr color space; (b) 1D plane fitting; (c) 2D quadric surface fitting; (d) curve determined by intersection of the 1D plane and the 2D quadric surface

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Fig. 12. Comparison of visual continuity. (a) Original frames; (b) Ellipse mapping method; (c) proposed method

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Fig. 13. Skin color enhancement. (a) Asian; (b) Caucasian; (c) African

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Table 1. Distribution of skin color and average chrominance of three races at each luminance level

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Table 1. Distribution of skin color and average chrominance of three races at each luminance level

Luminance level	Asian			Caucasian			African
Luminance level	Frequency /%	$\bar{D_{C b}}$	$\bar{D_{C r}}$	Frequency /%	$\bar{D_{C b}}$	$\bar{D_{C r}}$	Frequency /%	$\bar{D_{C b}}$	$\bar{D_{C r}}$
1	3.4	117	140	9.1	123	140	16.6	125	132
2	12.6	110	147	21.5	109	145	38.5	120	143
3	34.9	107	145	33.4	101	155	36.7	111	151
4	38.4	105	149	28.1	106	153	5.6	118	140
5	10.7	117	140	7.9	116	140	2.6	123	131

Table 2. Update times of different skin models
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Table 2. Update times of different skin models
Model Movies TV Dramas Sports programs Reality shows Total
Guided by video 332 284 905 133 1654
Frame by frame 9547 9411 15462 9164 43584

Table 3. Execution time of each module

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Table 3. Execution time of each module

Method	Execution time /ms			Total time /ms	Speed / （frams·s^-1）
Method	Shot boundary detection	Skin segmentation	Color enhancement	Total time /ms	Speed / （frams·s^-1）
Skin color center	None	14.03	12.06	26.09	38.32
Ellipse mapping	None	13.45	11.99	25.44	39.31
Proposed method	1.53	9.12	12.14	22.79	43.87

Table 4. Mean opinion score for subjective assessment of test video
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Table 4. Mean opinion score for subjective assessment of test video
Index MOS
Original video Skin color center Ellipse mapping Proposed method
1 5.1 5.9 5.2 6.4
2 5.2 5.1 5.6 5.8
3 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.7
4 4.8 4.4 4.2 4.9
5 4.9 4.2 4.3 5.4
6 4.5 4.0 4.3 4.7
7 4.6 4.9 4.7 5.2
8 6.9 6.8 6.4 7.2
9 5.8 6.3 6.1 6.6
10 6.8 7.0 7.4 7.8

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Shaobo Ding, Yali Zhang, Kun Zhang. Video Skin-Color Enhancement Method Based on Video-Guided Model Updates[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(2): 0210014

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