Fig. 1. PIC/MCC simulation flow chart for RBWO collecting extremely outgassing.RBWO收集极释气的PIC/MCC模拟流程图

Fig. 2. 3.4 T-guide magnetic field RBWO schematic.3.4 T引导磁场RBWO示意图

Fig. 3. 3.4 T RBWO output power without outgassing.无释气情况下3.4 T RBWO输出功率

Fig. 4. Output power comparison under different outgassing coefficients λ. 不同释气系数λ下输出功率对比

Fig. 5. Simulation results without outgassing: (a) Electronic real-time spatial distribution; (b) electronic z-V_z phase spatial distribution 无释气情况下的模拟结果　(a)电子实空间分布(b)电子z-V_z相空间分布

Fig. 6. Simulation result with outgassing coefficient λ of 2: (a) Electronic real-time spatial distribution; (b) electronic phase spatial distribution; (c)−(f) polar space distribution at 4, 16, 28, 40 ns; (g) surface pressure curve over time. 释气系数λ = 2情况下的模拟结果　(a)电子实空间分布; (b)电子相空间分布; (c)−(f)分别为4, 16, 28, 40 ns时离子实空间分布; (g)收集极表面气压随时间的变化

Fig. 7. Ratio of slow electrons to the total number of space electrons at λ = 2. λ = 2时慢电子占空间电子总数的比率

Fig. 8. Relationship of microwave output power and pulse width to outgassing coefficient λ. 微波输出功率以及脉宽随释气系数λ的变化

Fig. 9. Simulation results of RBWO collector surface pressure (average pressure in a grid) at 40 ns with different outgassing coefficients.不同释气系数下40 ns时刻RBWO收集极表面气压(一个网格内的平均气压)的模拟结果

Fig. 10. Comparison of the average output power with no outgassing and λ = 2 under different guiding magnetic fields. 不同引导磁场下无释气情况与λ = 2时平均输出功率的对比图