Fig. 1. Optical multibeam prototype of EWOCS project of BAE company^[7]

Fig. 2. Photonic prototype and radiation test scenario of OPTIMA project^[13]. (a) TX module; (b) optical switch module; (c) test scenario

Fig. 3. Prototype and experimental results of PHODIR^[15]

Fig. 4. Prototype and imaging results of microwave photonic radar in China^[17]

Fig. 5. Typical architecture of microwave photonic system

Fig. 6. Large dynamic microwave photonic links based on special modulators^[25-28].(a) MPL based on orthogonal polarization modulation; (b) MPL using double parallel modulation and feed-forward optical compensation; (c) dual-wavelength linearized MPL; (d) MPL based on optical spectrum vector manipulation

Fig. 7. Block diagram and measured results of coherent microwave photonic front-end^[29]. (a) Block diagram of coherent microwave photonic front-end; (b) amplitude consistency; (c) phase consistency; (d) measured SFDR at 18 GHz

Fig. 8. Several distributed optical systems with phase stabilization^[31-34]. (a) Experimental setup for characterization of 920-km fiber link; (b) point-to-point phase-stabilized optical frequency transfer between buildings; (c) RF signal dissemination based on 3-wavelengh optical compensation; (d) RF signal transfer using bidirectional frequency division multiplexing

Fig. 9. Multichannel broadband phase stable link based on pilot round trip transmission^[35]. (a) Schematic diagram; phase jitters of four downlinks for (b) 2 GHz and (c) 18 GHz signals after compensation with temperature change of 20° in 2 h; (d) Allan variance over 0.5 km fiber link

Fig. 10. Block diagrams of several integrated optical beamforming methods. (a) Based on optical ring resonator^[37]; (b) based on AWG^[38]; (c) based on cascaded optical switches^[39]; (d) based on Blass matrix^[40]

Fig. 11. Scheme of millimeter wave beamforming^[41]. (a) Schematic diagram of scheme; (b) measured result

Fig. 12. Delay switching chip design^[42]. (a) Design layout; (b) measured result by inserting chip

Fig. 13. Several typical block diagrams of optical channelized receiver. (a) Non-coherent channelization^[43]; (b) coherent channelization based on dual OFCs^[44]; (c) coherent channelization based on single OFC^[46]

Fig. 14. Channelized receiving system based on coherent dual-combs and FP filter^[47]. (a) System configuration; (b) system principle; (c) measured results

Fig. 15. Several recent block diagrams of optoelectronic oscillator^[51,54-55]. (a) OEO based on Fourier domain mode locking;(b) optoelectronic parametric oscillator; (c) parity-time symmetric OEO

Fig. 16. Harmonic oscillating OEO system