Fig. 1. Circuit structure of swap-test classifier

Fig. 2. Circuit structure of compact quantum classifier

Fig. 3. Circuit structure of state preparation process

Fig. 4. Comparison between the expected values of two classifiers and the theory expected value

Fig. 5. Iterative process of dataset classification for original consine kernel, linear kernel compact and polynomial kernel compact. (a) Half-moon dataset; (b) circular dataset; (c) Iris dataset; (d) BreastCancer dataset

Fig. 6. Decision boundary of constructed dataset. (a) (b) Different forms of binary classification; (c) three-way classification; (d) four-tape classification

Fig. 7. Entanglement difference between compact and non-compact swap-test classifiers

Fig. 8. Relationship between entanglement difference and data amount