Fig. 1. (a) TEM image of MoS2 nanosheets in the dispersions, (b) MoS2-PVA film transferred onto a fiber end, inset: MoS2-PVA thin film, and (c) transmission spectrum of MoS2-PVA thin film.

Fig. 2. Experimental setup of an all-optical modulator with MoS2-PVA thin film.

Fig. 3. (a) Modulated output signal, inset: pulsed pump light, (b) a zoomed view of a single off-on-off transition of the output pulse (black) and exponential fit (red), and (c) a long-time stable output.

Fig. 4. Output signal pulses when the pump pulses with different duty cycles and (a) the same peak power and (b) different peak powers are applied.

Fig. 5. (a) Burst of pulsed pump light and (b) device output.