Fig. 1. Experimental setup. L1, f = 100 mm lens; L2, f = 75 mm lens; LPF, 1650-nm long-pass filter; HWP, half-wave plate; PBS, polarization beam splitter cube; L3, f = 35 mm lens; L4, f = 150 mm lens; L5, f = 500 mm lens; L6, f = 150 mm lens; DC, dichroic mirror; OL, objective lens; BPF, bandpass filter.

Fig. 2. Simulation process schematic. (a) The GA process schematic, and (b) the CMA-ES process schematic.

Fig. 3. Comparison of the GA and the CMA-ES by numerical simulation. (a) The original aberrated wavefront (left), the wavefront corrected by GA (middle), and the wavefront corrected by CMA-ES (right). (b) The iteration curve comparison.

Fig. 4. System aberration correction results. (a) The comparison of the fluorescent bead before and after corrections (left, without correction; middle, correction by GA; right, correction by CMA-ES). (b) The axial resolution comparison. (c) The iteration curve comparison.

Fig. 5. Brain slice aberration correction result. (a) The Brain slice THG image (left, without correction; middle, correction by GA; right, correction by CMA-ES). (b) The line profile of the underlined THG signal in (a). (c) The comparison of the iteration curves.