Fig. 1. (a) Diagram of the vacuum system; (b) schematic diagram of the two-dimensional magneto-optical trap (2DMOT), the insert shows the observed atoms along y axis; (c) sodium cooling scheme on the D₂ line.

Fig. 2. (a) Magnetic field distribution in a two-dimensional magneto-optical trap; (b), (c), (d) are the magnetic field distribution in yz plane, xz plane and xy plane, (The curves in panel (b) shows the magnetic field change along y-axis and z-axis).

Fig. 3. Atom loading curves in three-dimensional magneto-optical trap (3DMOT) with and without the Zeeman slower beam.

Fig. 4. Loading rate versus the power P (a) and frequency detuning (b) of the cooling beams in two-dimensional magneto-optical trap.

Fig. 5. Loading rate versus the power P (a), frequency detuning (b) and rotation angle of linear polarization (c) of Zeeman beam.