An optical frequency comb is a wideband light source consisting of stable frequency and evenly spaced comb teeth, manifesting as periodic ultrashort pulse outputs in the time domain. The inverse of pulsation period corresponds to the frequency spacing of the comb teeth in the frequency domain, known as the repetition rate. Over the past two decades, optical frequency combs have found wide applications in fields such as precision measurement and advanced manufacturing. Against the backdrop of pursuing faster measurement speeds and higher processing quality, optical frequency combs with high repetition rates have gradually attracted attention. Thanks to the excellent device integration and scene compatibility, optical frequency comb sources based on fiber schemes have developed rapidly in recent years. This review focuses on high-repetition-rate fiber-based optical frequency comb technology. We first briefly introduce the basic concepts and principles of fiber-based optical frequency combs, then review the diverse technical approaches for directly generating high-repetition-rate optical frequency combs in fiber schemes, analyzing their development history, current research status, and the challenges. Finally, based on the technical performance indicators of existing high-repetition-rate fiber-based optical frequency combs, we offer in-depth outlook of their future prospects in application fields.