Optical Generation and Time-Frequency Reconstruction of Wideband Frequency-Modulated Radar Waveforms

Lin Zhao; Jing Li; Miaoxia Yan; Cheng Tian; Li Pei; Tigang Ning

doi:10.3788/AOS250915

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 45, Issue 15, 1507001(2025)

Optical Generation and Time-Frequency Reconstruction of Wideband Frequency-Modulated Radar Waveforms

Lin Zhao^1,2, Jing Li^1,2、*, Miaoxia Yan^1,2, Cheng Tian^1,2, Li Pei^1,2, and Tigang Ning^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China

²Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

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Figures & Tables(8)

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of structure for generating linearly chirped signals based on self-phase modulation in highly nonlinear optical fibers

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Fig. 2. Intensity-shaped envelope $m (t)$ and electrical drive signal $V (t)$ when $E_{i n}$ =1. (a) Intensity-shaped envelope $m (t);$ (b) electrical drive signal $V (t)$

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Fig. 3. Intensity shaping diagrams under function definitions and power evolution spectra. (a) Parabolic type, (b) semi-parabolic type, and (c) linear type intensity shaping diagrams; (d) bilateral broadening, (e) unilateral broadening, (f) double-point broadening power evolution spectra

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Fig. 4. Comparison of linear frequency-modulated signal generation effects under different sampling rates. (a)(d)(g) Electrical drive signal diagrams; (b)(e)(h) linearly chirped signal diagrams; (c)(f)(i) time-frequency diagrams

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Fig. 5. Time-frequency diagrams under different parameter changes. (a) Changing central frequency; (b) changing AWG signal period; (c)‒(f) changing peak power of optical signal entering fiber

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Fig. 6. Arbitrary time-frequency domain reconstruction (reconstructing digits are 1 to 5). (a) Electrical drive signal output by AWG; (b) intensity modulation envelope; (c) waveform of LFM signal; (d) time-frequency diagram of wavelet analysis

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Table 1. Simulation parameters for LFM simulation

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Table 1. Simulation parameters for LFM simulation

Figure	$L_{e f f}$ /km	$p_{0}$ /W	$T_{0}$ /ns	$f_{0} / G H z$	$γ$ /（ $W^{- 1}$ ·km^-1）	Bandwidth /GHz
Fig. 5（a）	1.6	2.00	5	20	10.6	8
Fig. 5（b）	1.6	2.00	10	30	10.6	4
Fig. 5（c）	1.6	1.00	5	30	10.6	4
Fig. 5（d）	1.6	1.25	5	30	10.6	5
Fig. 5（e）	1.6	1.50	5	30	10.6	6
Fig. 5（f）	1.6	2.00	5	30	10.6	8

Table 2. Characteristics of photonics LFM signal generation methods

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Table 2. Characteristics of photonics LFM signal generation methods

Technical approach	Bandwidth /GHz	Reconfigurability	AWG sampling rate
Space-time mapping^［14］	≥10	Low （diffractive element-dependent）	Not required
Frequency-time mapping^［15］	≥10	Low （dispersive medium-dependent）	Not required
Photon-assisted frequency multiplication^［16］	28‒40	Moderate （requires tunable modulators）	High-speed （≥10 GSa/s）
Spectrum stitching^［17］	11‒29	Low （requires sparse frequency replacement）	High-speed （≥10 GSa/s）
Fourier-domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator^［18］	0.65‒4.35	Moderate （limited frequency sweeping）	Low-speed （≤10 GSa/s）
Optical injection single-cycle oscillation^［19］	16.98‒19.36	Low （requires hardware reset）	Low-speed （≤10 GSa/s）
Proposed scheme	4‒8	High （software-defined）	Low-speed （≤10 GSa/s）

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Lin Zhao, Jing Li, Miaoxia Yan, Cheng Tian, Li Pei, Tigang Ning. Optical Generation and Time-Frequency Reconstruction of Wideband Frequency-Modulated Radar Waveforms[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(15): 1507001

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Paper Information

Category: Fourier optics and signal processing

Received: Apr. 15, 2025

Accepted: May. 7, 2025

Published Online: Aug. 18, 2025

The Author Email: Jing Li (lijing@bjtu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS250915

CSTR:32393.14.AOS250915

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology