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Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 62, Issue 1, 0100006(2025)

Research Progress of Wideband-Tunable Narrow-Linewidth Fiber Laser in 2 μm Waveband

Jianwei Wang1,2,3,4、*, Hui Shen2,3,4, Yunfeng Qi2,3,4, Bo Dai1, and Xisheng Ye1,2,3,4
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Optical-Electrial and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093
  • 2Wang Zhijiang Laser Innovation Center, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
  • 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of All Solid-State Laser and Applied Techniques, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
  • 4Aerospace Laser Technology and System Department, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (22)
    Equations (2)
    References (46)
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    Figures & Tables(22)
    Tunable 2 μm fiber laser based on grating filter[17]. (a) Cladding pump; (b) core pump; (c)(d) free-running operation; (e)(f) external cavity for wavelength tuning

    Fig. 1. Tunable 2 μm fiber laser based on grating filter[17]. (a) Cladding pump; (b) core pump; (c)(d) free-running operation; (e)(f) external cavity for wavelength tuning

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    High-power 2 μm oscillator experimental device schematics[18]. (a) Diagram of fixed wavelength experimental device; (b) diagram of wavelength tunable experimental device

    Fig. 2. High-power 2 μm oscillator experimental device schematics[18]. (a) Diagram of fixed wavelength experimental device; (b) diagram of wavelength tunable experimental device

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    Experimental setup of the all-fiber structure TDFL[23]

    Fig. 3. Experimental setup of the all-fiber structure TDFL[23]

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    Experimental setup of the AOTBF[24]

    Fig. 4. Experimental setup of the AOTBF[24]

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    Schematic diagram of Fabry-Perot tunable filter[27]

    Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of Fabry-Perot tunable filter[27]

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    Architecture diagram of an all-fiber laser[19]

    Fig. 6. Architecture diagram of an all-fiber laser[19]

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    Experimental setup of 1 kW-level wavelength-tunable TDFL[12]

    Fig. 7. Experimental setup of 1 kW-level wavelength-tunable TDFL[12]

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    Architecture diagram of DFB TDFL[28]

    Fig. 8. Architecture diagram of DFB TDFL[28]

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    Architecture diagram of DBR TDFL[29]

    Fig. 9. Architecture diagram of DBR TDFL[29]

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    Architecture diagram for single-frequency TDFL and TDFA[30]

    Fig. 10. Architecture diagram for single-frequency TDFL and TDFA[30]

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    Schematic of 2.05 µm single-frequency Tm-doped fiber ring laser[31]

    Fig. 11. Schematic of 2.05 µm single-frequency Tm-doped fiber ring laser[31]

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    Diagram of experimental device[32]. (a) 2 μm narrow linewidth fiber laser based on composite cavity structure; (b) schematic diagram of the TCR-CC filter

    Fig. 12. Diagram of experimental device[32]. (a) 2 μm narrow linewidth fiber laser based on composite cavity structure; (b) schematic diagram of the TCR-CC filter

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    Architecture diagram of tunable narrow linewidth thulium laser[40]

    Fig. 13. Architecture diagram of tunable narrow linewidth thulium laser[40]

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    Tunable single-frequency Tm-doped fiber ring laser[27]. (a) Schematic of fiber laser; (b) spectrogram of laser light with different wavelengths; (c) laser spectrum stability diagram

    Fig. 14. Tunable single-frequency Tm-doped fiber ring laser[27]. (a) Schematic of fiber laser; (b) spectrogram of laser light with different wavelengths; (c) laser spectrum stability diagram

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    Architecture diagram of tunable narrow linewidth thulium laser[45]

    Fig. 15. Architecture diagram of tunable narrow linewidth thulium laser[45]

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    Architecture diagram of tunable thulium laser[46]

    Fig. 16. Architecture diagram of tunable thulium laser[46]

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    Architecture diagram of tunable 80 W narrow linewidth thulium laser[11]

    Fig. 17. Architecture diagram of tunable 80 W narrow linewidth thulium laser[11]

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    Output power when launched pump power at 1970 nm (a) and output from amplifier spectra measured at 80 W (b)[11]

    Fig. 18. Output power when launched pump power at 1970 nm (a) and output from amplifier spectra measured at 80 W (b)[11]

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    • Table 1. Research status of 2 μm wavelength tunable fiber lasers

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      Table 1. Research status of 2 μm wavelength tunable fiber lasers

      CountryYearOutput powerEfficiency /%Active fiberCavity length/mStructureTuning range /nm
      England［17］200617.4 W50.0Thulium-doped fiber2.61565 nm cladding-pumping1895‒2061
      England［17］200612.1 W59.00.241565 nm core pumping1723‒1973
      USA［18］2010159 W54.0‒790 nm cladding-pumping1927‒2097
      USA［19］201180 mW12.00.51.56 μm core pumping1840‒2040
      China［20］201262 W48.04791 nm cladding-pumping1895‒2109
      England［21］201372 mW26.041550 nm core pumping1820‒2077
      England［22］20141.5 W40.011793 nm cladding-pumping1925‒2200
      USA［11］202280 W50.53.5793 nm cladding-pumping1920‒2010
      China［12］20231 kW51.03793 nm cladding-pumping1943‒2050

    • Table 2. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of 4 wavelength tuning schemes

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      Table 2. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of 4 wavelength tuning schemes

      MethodFiber gratingDielectric film filterAcousto-optic filterFiber F-P filter
      Key deviceBy stretching or heating the fiber to change the grating spacingBy changing the angle of incidence of the lightPrinciple of acousto-optic diffractionBy applying voltage to the filter to change cavity length
      Advantage

      1） Low insertion loss

      2） Good compatibility with optical fiber systems

      		Low polarization dispersion lossLarge wavelength tuning range

      1） Polarization insensitive

      2） Large wavelength tuning range

      DisadvantageSmall tuning rangeTuning range less than 40 nm

      1） High price

      2） Polarization sensitivity

      3） High insertion loss

      		‒

    • Table 3. Research progress of 2 μm narrow linewidth fiber lasers

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      Table 3. Research progress of 2 μm narrow linewidth fiber lasers

      StructureYearWavelength /nmOutput power /mWEfficiencyLinewidth
      DFB［28］200417351.000.0020360 MHz
      DBR［29］2015195018.000.0720~37 kHz
      Ring cavity［30］2019195768.700.095020 kHz
      Ring cavity［31］20222050215.000.22001.5 GHz
      Compound cavity［32］20231941.2875.920.0176910 Hz

    • Table 4. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of different cavity structures

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      Table 4. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of different cavity structures

      MethodDBRDFBRing cavityRing cavity and saturable absorberCompound cavity
      PrincipleBoth ends of the active doped fiber are fused or engraved with fiber Bragg gratings with the same Bragg reflection wavelengthThe phase-shifted fiber grating with λ/4 is directly written on the active fiber to realize narrow-band filteringThe coupler is used to form a traveling wave cavity， which can effectively suppress the hole burning effect caused by standing wavesThe single longitudinal mode operation is realized by using the space hole burning effect of the unpumped saturated absorberThe sub-cavity with shorter cavity length enlarges FSR to achieve single longitudinal mode output
      AdvantageSimple structure， easy to integrate， high stabilitySimple structure， output power frequency is stable， no skip modeNo space burning effect， high output powerSingle longitudinal mode output， high stabilitySingle longitudinal mode output， high output power
      Disadvantage

      Low tenability

      and power

      		Low tunabilityFree-jumping mode，poor stability， and coherenceComplex structure，low slope efficiencyComplex structure
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    Jianwei Wang, Hui Shen, Yunfeng Qi, Bo Dai, Xisheng Ye. Research Progress of Wideband-Tunable Narrow-Linewidth Fiber Laser in 2 μm Waveband[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(1): 0100006

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    Paper Information

    Category: Reviews

    Received: Apr. 7, 2024

    Accepted: May. 22, 2024

    Published Online: Jan. 6, 2025

    The Author Email:

    DOI:10.3788/LOP241040

    CSTR:32186.14.LOP241040

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology