Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram of CMS array with the wave propagation, (b) the front (I), middle (II), and back (III) layers of the unit-cell structure.

Fig. 2. Enhanced LP conversion mechanism of the Fabry–Perot interference model in tri-layered (I, II, III) structure of the proposed CMS.

Fig. 3. Fabricated sample of the designed CMS structure. (a), (c) Front layer and (b), (d) middle layer.

Fig. 4. (a) Simulated, (b) measured, and (c) calculated transmission coefficients (t_xx, t_xy, t_yx and t_yy) for the normally incident waves passing through the CMS along (a)–(c) forward (−z) direction (d)–(f) backward (+z) direction.

Fig. 5. (a) Simulated, (b) calculated, and (c) measured PCR (PCR_x and PCR_y) for x-pol. and y-pol. waves propagating along the forward (−z) direction through the CMS.

Fig. 6. The simulated polarization azimuth rotation angle (θ) and polarization ellipticity angle (η) were obtained for the normal incidence of y-pol. waves propagating along the forward (−z) direction through the designed CMS.

Fig. 7. (a) Simulated, (b) calculated, and (c) measured total transmittance (T_x) for x-pol. and y-pol. waves propagating along the forward (−z) and backward (+z) directions through the CMS.

Fig. 8. (a) Simulated, (b) calculated, and (c) measured AT coefficients (Δ_lin) for the normally incident x-pol. and y-pol. waves propagating through the designed CMS.

Fig. 9. Simulated electric field vector distributions in the y–z plane for the CMS unit-cell structure under the normally incident (a)–(c) y-pol. and (d)–(f) x-pol. waves propagating along the forward (−z) direction at different resonance frequencies. (a), (d) f₁ = 4.32 GHz; (b), (e) f₂ = 7.94 GHz; (c), (f) f₃ = 14.96 GHz.