Refractive Index Sensing Simulation Analysis of Four-Pole Suspended Core Fiber Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance

Fig. 1. Schematic diagrams of structure and polishing cross-section of four-pole suspended core fiber. (a) Complete structure of fiber; (b) polishing cross section of one hole; (c) polishing cross section of two opposite holes; (d) polishing cross section of two adjacent holes

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$Distributions of optical field E when liquid refractive index is 1.39. (a) x polarization (650 nm); (b) x polarization (720 nm); (c) x polarization (800 nm); (d) y polarization (650 nm); (e) y polarization (720nm); (f) y polarization (800 nm)$

Fig. 2. Distributions of optical field E when liquid refractive index is 1.39. (a) x polarization (650 nm); (b) x polarization (720 nm); (c) x polarization (800 nm); (d) y polarization (650 nm); (e) y polarization (720nm); (f) y polarization (800 nm)

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$When analyte refractive index neff is 1.39, relationship among loss spectrum of core mode, effective refractive index of core mode, and effective refractive index of SPP mode$

Fig. 3. When analyte refractive index n_eff is 1.39, relationship among loss spectrum of core mode, effective refractive index of core mode, and effective refractive index of SPP mode

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$Sensing characteristics when polishing one air hole. (a) Spectral loss corresponding to refractive indexes of different analytes; (b) relationship between refractive index and resonance wavelength$

Fig. 4. Sensing characteristics when polishing one air hole. (a) Spectral loss corresponding to refractive indexes of different analytes; (b) relationship between refractive index and resonance wavelength

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$Sensing characteristics when polishing two opposite air holes. (a) Spectral loss corresponding to refractive indexes of different analytes; (b) relationship between refractive index and resonance wavelength$

Fig. 5. Sensing characteristics when polishing two opposite air holes. (a) Spectral loss corresponding to refractive indexes of different analytes; (b) relationship between refractive index and resonance wavelength

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$Sensing characteristics when polishing two adjacent air holes. (a) Spectral loss corresponding to refractive indexes of different analytes; (b) relationship between refractive index and resonance wavelength$

Fig. 6. Sensing characteristics when polishing two adjacent air holes. (a) Spectral loss corresponding to refractive indexes of different analytes; (b) relationship between refractive index and resonance wavelength

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Fig. 7. Influences of structural parameters on sensing characteristics when polishing one air hole. (a) Spectral loss under different gold film thicknesses;(b) spectral loss under different suspension pole thicknesses

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Fig. 8. Influences of structural parameters on sensing characteristics when polishing two opposite air holes. (a) Spectral loss under different gold film thicknesses; (b) spectral loss under different suspension pole thicknesses

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Fig. 9. Influences of structural parameters on sensing characteristics when polishing two adjacent air holes. (a) Spectral loss under different gold film thicknesses; (b) spectral loss under different suspension pole thicknesses

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Table 1. Definition of each parameter value in Drude-Lorentz model
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Table 1. Definition of each parameter value in Drude-Lorentz model
Parameter Value Parameter Value
ε_∞ 5.9673 Ω_L /THz 2π×650.07
ω_D /THz 2π×2113.6 Γ_L /THz 2π×104.86
γ_D /THz 2π×15.92 Δε 1.09

Table 2. Numerical analysis results when polishing one air hole

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Table 2. Numerical analysis results when polishing one air hole

Refractive index	Wavelength /nm	Sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Resolution /(10^-4 RIU)	Refractive index	Wavelength /nm	Sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Resolution /(10^-5 RIU)
1.31	574	900	1.10	1.37	660	2400	4.20
1.32	583	1000	1.00	1.38	684	3200	3.10
1.33	593	1300	0.77	1.39	716	4400	2.30
1.34	606	1500	0.67	1.40	760	6000	1.70
1.35	621	1700	0.59	1.41	820	9000	1.10
1.36	638	2200	0.45	1.42	910	15000	0.67

Table 3. Numerical analysis results when polishing two opposite air holes

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Table 3. Numerical analysis results when polishing two opposite air holes

Refractive index	Wavelength /nm	Sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Resolution /(10^-4 RIU)	Refractive index	Wavelength /nm	Sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Resolution /(10^-5 RIU)
1.31	570	1000	1.00	1.37	660	2000	5.00
1.32	580	1000	1.00	1.38	680	4000	2.50
1.33	590	1500	0.67	1.39	720	4000	2.50
1.34	605	1500	0.67	1.40	760	7000	1.40
1.35	620	2000	0.50	1.41	830	10000	1.00
1.36	640	2000	0.50	1.42	930	16000	0.63

Table 4. Numerical analysis results when polishing two adjacent air holes

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Table 4. Numerical analysis results when polishing two adjacent air holes

Refractive index	Wavelength /nm	Sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Resolution /(10^-4 RIU)	Refractive index	Wavelength /nm	Sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Resolution /(10^-5RIU)
1.31	590	1000	1.0	1.36	670	3000	3.30
1.32	600	1000	1.0	1.37	700	4000	2.50
1.33	610	2000	0.5	1.38	740	6000	1.70
1.34	630	2000	0.5	1.39	800	10000	1.00
1.35	650	2000	0.5	1.40	900	20000	0.50

Table 5. Performance comparison of sensors that have been reported

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Table 5. Performance comparison of sensors that have been reported

Characteristic	Wavelength /μm	Range of refractive index	Maximum spectral sensitivity /(nm·RIU^-1)	Maximum resolution /RIU
Quasi-D-shape^[6]	550—740	1.33—1.42	3877
Double loss peaks^[7]		1.34—1.38	18900	5.291×10^-6
Exposed-core grapefruit fiber and Bimetallic structure^[8]		1.33—1.42	16400
Four-hole grapefruit fiber^[9]	600—1200	1.33—1.43	19000
Our work	570—930	1.31—1.42	20000	5.0×10^-6

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Lei Liu, Hui Chen, Yanjun Zhang. Refractive Index Sensing Simulation Analysis of Four-Pole Suspended Core Fiber Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2022, 42(8): 0806003

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