Fig. 1. Measuring schematic diagram based on FTP

Fig. 2. Measuring schematic diagram based on PMP

Fig. 3. Subset matching based on DIC

Fig. 4. Principle and applications of combined technique of FTP and DIC^［42］.（a）Measuring system；（b）Texture map extracted using filtering operation；（c）Extracted texture map；（d）Reconstructed shape；（e）Solution of displacement conversion coefficient.

Fig. 5. Principle and applications of combined technique of FTP and DIC based on color channels separation.（a）Measuring system and strategy^［43］；（b）Loading test of hyperelastic material^［44］；（c）Impact test of composite plate^［45］；（d）Low energy impact tests^［46］.

Fig. 6. Principle and applications of combined technique of PMP and DIC.（a）Shape and deformation measurement on discontinuous surface ^［47］；（b）Shape and deformation measurement on complex surface ^［48］；（c）Deformation measurement on splicing surface ^［47］.

Fig. 7. Effect of out-of-plane displacement on in-plane displacement based on single camera system.（a）Single-camera imaging model ^［49］；（b）Telecentric measuring system ^［48］；（c）Calibration compensation ^［49］.

Fig. 8. Principle of DIC-assisted FPP ^［51］.（a）Technical pathway；（b）Coding strategy of time-overlapping gray code；（c）Modulation-based texture extraction；（d）3D deformation calculation.

Fig. 9. 3D shape reconstructed results based on DIC-assisted FPP ^［26］.（a）Measurement on honeycomb structure using 3D-DIC；（b）Measurement on honeycomb structure using DIC-assisted FPP；（c）Measurement on composite braided structure using 3D-DIC；（d）Measurement on composite braided structure using DIC-assisted FPP.

Fig. 10. Comparison of computational efficiency for different strategies in stereo-DIC and proposed DIC-assisted FPP system^［26］

Fig. 11. Results of 3D deformation measurement and strain analysis based on DIC-assisted FPP.（a）Framework of data processing ^［51］；（b）Shape and deformation measurement on honeycomb structure ^［26］；（c）Shape measurement and strain analysis on composite braided structure；（d）Strain analysis on water ball hitting net ^［54］；（e）Strain analysis on laminated depression structure.

Fig. 12. Principle and measuring results based on geodesic-based point tracking ^［55］.（a）Algorithm principle；（b）Calculation of geodesic distance；（c）Comparative deformation analysis on flapping wings；（d）Strain analysis on flapping wings.