Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction pattern of Cu-15W powder (a) and Cu lattice constant and solid solubility (b) under different milling time

Fig. 2. DSC trace of Cu-15W powders after 5 h of milling

Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of Cu-15W samples (a) and Cu lattice constant and solid solubility (b) before and after HCPEB treatment

Fig. 4. SEM images of Cu-15W sample before and after HCPEB irradiation(a) Initial, (b) 5 times, (c) 10 times

Fig. 5. TEM image of Cu-15W sample irradiated by HCPEB for 10 times

Fig. 6. Moire fringe structure observed due to overlap of W nanoparticle phase and Cu matrix (10 times)

Fig. 7. Nanophase structure after pulsed electron beam irradiation (10 times)(a) Special structures within the nanophase, (b) The Fourier transform of W, (c) Short-range ordered structures

Fig. 8. Micro-hardness of Cu-15W samples before and after HCPEB irradiation