NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES, Volume. 47, Issue 2, 020001(2024)
Development and application of a spatial associated particle neutron detection system
Figures & Tables(13)
Fig. 1. Principle diagram of the accompanying α-particle detection method
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the principle and structure of a neutron generator with an α-particle detector
Fig. 3. (a) Photo of ING-27 of VNIIA from Russia and (b) outline of API-120 from Thermo Electron Corporation USA
Fig. 4. RF-source-associated particle neutron generator structure diagram and device photo at Sandia National Laboratory, USA
Fig. 5. Neutron generator developed by the Xiao Kunxiang team of China Academy of Engineering Physics
Fig. 6. Structural diagram of the ZnS(Ag) α detector at Tsinghua University
Fig. 9. Diagrams of SWAN Hazard detection system in Poland (a) and FNMIS detection system in America (b)
Fig. 10. Explosive detection system jointly developed by the Northeast Normal University and China Institute of Atomic Energy[57]
Table 1. Comparison of typical alpha particle detector materials
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Comparison of typical alpha particle detector materials
闪烁体
Scintillator
光产额
Light yield / MeV
光衰减时间
Decay time / ns
折射率
Refractive index
应用于爆炸物检测时的表现
Performance testing
ZnS(Ag) — 110 2.36 清华大学Tsinghua University：
时间分辨率Time resolution 1.5 ns
空间分辨率Spatial resolution 3 mm
ZnO:Ga 15 000 0.4 2.02 田纳西大学University of Tennessee：
时间分辨率Time resolution 52 ps
空间分辨率Spatial resolution < 1 mm
中国原子能科学研究院(CIAE)：
时间分辨率Time resolution < 1 ns
空间分辨率Spatial resolution < 1 mm
YAP:Ce 25 000 25 1.96 美国ORNL：
时间分辨率Time resolution (478±48) ps
空间分辨率Spatial resolution 1.52 mm
田纳西大学University of Tennessee：
时间分辨率Time resolution (216±14) ps
空间分辨率Spatial resolution 0.5 mm
中国原子能科学研究院(CIAE)：
时间分辨率Time resolution 2.1 ns
SiC semiconductor 米兰理工学院API系统测试The API system of Milan Polytechnic：
时间分辨率Time resolution (117±11) p空间分辨率Spatial resolution 0.44 mm
Table 2. Comparison of typical γ-ray detector materials
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Comparison of typical γ-ray detector materials
材料
Materials
相对NaI(TI)
光输出
Relatively
NaI(TI) light
output / %
衰减时间
Decay
time
/ ns
能量分辨率
Energy
resolution
/ %
辐照硬度
Irradiation
hardness
/ rad
其他
Others
NaI(TI) 100 230 7.8 10 价格便宜，但易潮解Cheap but deliquescent CsI(TI) 45 900 7 — 价格昂贵，轻微潮解Cheap but deliquescent BGO 15 300 12 102 部分波长探测不灵敏Some wavelength detection is not sensitive YAP:Ce 70 25 10 106 性能受参杂度影响
The performance is affected by the impurity
BaF2 5/15 0.6/600 2 — 存在严重的信号堆积Serious signal accumulation LYSO 70⁓75 40 10 108 目前综合性能最优的晶体The best comprehensive performance of crystal LaBr3 130 25 2.9 103 价格较贵Expensive
Table 3. Test results of different detection systems
View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Test results of different detection systems
试验检测结果Test results EURITRACK或者C-BORD项目[
42 ]The project of EURITRACK or C-BORD
10 min内可检测出隐藏在平均密度0.2 g·cm-3铁皮集装箱中100 kg的TNT炸药
100 kg of TNT hidden in a steel container with an average density of 0.2 g·cm-3 can be detected within 10 min
EU FP7 UNCOSS 项目[
46 ]The project of EU FP7 UNCOSS
10 min检测出水下未爆炸的7 kg TNT炸药
7 kg of unexploded TNT under water was detected in 10 min
波兰SWAN系统[
50 ]SWAN System in Poland
测试TNT、海洛因等材料的N/C、O/C比，并与理论值比较。每次测试时间10 min
Test material such as TNT and heroin which compared the theoretical ratio of N/C and O/C. Each test lasts 10 min
美国NMIS系统[
53 ]NMIS system in America
测量和分析高浓缩铀、烈性炸药、Pu核素的几何结构和质量等
To measure and analyze the geometry structure and quality of enriched uranium, high explosives, Pu nuclides
俄罗斯SENNA系统[
71 ]SENNA system in Russian
可以将400 g TNT样品从隐藏物中检测出来，97%的概率区分与其相似的有机物
A sample of 400 g of TNT can be detected from the cache, with 97% probability of distinguishing similar organics
清华大学徐四大研究团队[
62 ]Research team Professor Xu
in Tsinghua University
测炸药灵敏度为300 g，并达到每小时600件行李的检测速度
The sensitivity of explosive detection is 300 g, and the speed of 600 pieces of luggage per hour is reached
东北师大研究团队[
65 ,67 ]Research team of Northeast Normal University
一般在3~5 min可从隐藏物中检测出300 g TNT样品
A sample of 300 g of TNT can be detected from the cache in 3~5 min
中物院研究团队[
68 ]Research team in China Academy
of Engineering Physics
最佳时3 min检测出75 g TNT样品
A sample of 75 g of TNT can be detected from the cache in 3 min
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Longjian YE, Dongdong ZHANG, Zhen YANG, Yuhang CHEN. Development and application of a spatial associated particle neutron detection system[J]. NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES, 2024, 47(2): 020001
Paper Information
Category: Research Articles
Received: Apr. 7, 2023
Accepted: --
Published Online: Apr. 24, 2024
The Author Email: ZHANG Dongdong (张东东)
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