As a common way of generating structured light, projectors are widely used. When monocular structured light is used to measure color three-dimensional objects, the reflection intensity of projective fringes at different positions will be different due to the rich color information of the object surface, which will result in low SNR error and saturation error. In addition, due to the projector itself and equipment lens distortion and other factors, it may also lead to measurement errors. In order to solve the above problems, the response curve of the system is fitted first, and then the response function of the projector is separated from the response function of the camera. By calculating the reflectance of each point, the optimal projection fringe adapted to the reflectance of the measured object is generated, and the error caused by the non-uniform reflectance of the measured object is reduced. Finally, based on the optimal projection, the error of each period is estimated according to the period value of the projection fringe, and the error is compensated in the measurement process. This measurement method can effectively reduce the impact of the surface color of the object and the equipment itself on the measurement results. The results of three-dimensional reconstruction of color planar objects show that the deviation of phase calculation is between ±0.04（rad）, and the accuracy is about 70% higher than that of the traditional method. The precision of phase calculation of color three-dimensional objects is also about 40% higher than that of traditional methods.