Fig. 1. Sketch of FLOM-PD. (MLL, mode-locked laser; OSC, oscilloscope; LPF, low-pass filter; VOA, variable optical attenuator; LNA, low noise amplifier; BOMPD, balanced optical-microwave phase detector).

Fig. 2. Sketch of out-of-loop phase noise and timing drift measurement system. (SSA, signal spectrum analyzer; DAS, data acquisition system; LNA, low noise amplifier; PS, power splitter).

Fig. 3. (Color online) SSB phase noise (above) and integrated timing jitter (below).

Fig. 4. (Color online) Analysis of FLOM-PD noise floor. The noise floor was measured with the RF phase modulation turned off. The photodetector noise (in gray) was obtained via direct measurement using a signal analyzer when the laser was off. The AM-to-PM conversion noise (in green) was calculated according to laser RIN^[23]. The shot noise (red dashed line) and thermal noise (magenta dashed line) was calculated based on the experiment parameters.

Fig. 5. Long-term timing drift measurements.