Research and Development of Key Technologies and Equipment for Multiaxis CNC Laser Engraving

Qiang Liu; Jian Wang; Pengpeng Sun; Ming Li; Hui Wang; Zhenshuo Yin; Liuquan Wang; Kunhang Li

doi:10.3788/CJL202249.1002401

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 49, Issue 10, 1002401(2022)

Research and Development of Key Technologies and Equipment for Multiaxis CNC Laser Engraving

Qiang Liu^1,4、*, Jian Wang^1,5, Pengpeng Sun^1,6, Ming Li², Hui Wang³, Zhenshuo Yin^1,4, Liuquan Wang^1,5, and Kunhang Li³

Author Affiliations

¹School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

²Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China

³AECC Shenyang Liming Aero-Engine Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110043, Liaoning, China

⁴Jiangxi Research Institute of Beihang University, Nanchang 330096, Jiangxi, China

⁵Beijing Engineering Technological Research Center of High-Efficient and Green CNC Machining Process and Equipment, Beijing 100191, China

⁶DSTI Innovation Center of High-Efficient CNC Machining Technology, Beijing 100191, China

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Figures & Tables(22)

Fig. 1. Schematic of chemical milling process

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Fig. 2. Schematic of primary and secondary laser engraving process. (a) Section of laser engraving; (b) erosion ratio and processing line of laser engraving

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Fig. 3. Schematic of automatic programming of laser engraving

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Fig. 4. Automatic generation of complex tool path for laser engraving. (a) Program results of primary engraving; (b) program results of secondary engraving

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Fig. 5. B-spline fitting accuracy of laser engraving position points. (a) Fitting accuracy of complete B-spline curve；(b) fitting accuracy of segmented B-spline curve

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Fig. 6. Fitting accuracy of segmented double B-spline trajectory. (a) Fitting accuracy of segmented B-spline curve of laser engraving position; (b) fitting accuracy of segmented B-spline curve of laser engraving direction

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Fig. 7. Angular accuracy of laser engraving attitude point

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Fig. 8. Simulation results of optical electromechanical collaborative optimization algorithm

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Fig. 9. Optimization results of laser engraving process parameters; (a) Optimization results of engraving process parameters under equal weight; (b) optimization results of engraving process parameters under unequal weight

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Fig. 10. Principle and prototype composition of 6-axis 5-linkage intelligent NC laser engraving machine tool. (a) Schematic of main equipment; (b) function model of system

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Fig. 11. Optical transmission system. (a) Design drawing of optical transmission system; (b) hardware of optical transmission system

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Fig. 12. Composition of opto-mechatronics cooperative control system

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Fig. 13. Software function block diagram of opto-mechatronics cooperative control system

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Fig. 14. Engineering prototype and laser engraving process. (a) Engineering prototype; (b) laser engraving process

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Fig. 15. Laser engraving results of engineering sample. (a) Primary engraving; (b) primary stripping; (c) secondary engraving; (d) secondary stripping

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Fig. 16. Laser grooving and removing chemical milling adhesive of primary engraving. (a) Laser grooving of primary engraving; (b) effect after removing chemical milling adhesive

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Fig. 17. Laser grooving and removing chemical milling adhesive of secondary engraving

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Fig. 18. Secondary chemical milling results of engineering sample. (a) Actual part; (b) measured result

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Table 1. Comparison of different trajectory curves of laser engraving position points

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Table 1. Comparison of different trajectory curves of laser engraving position points

Trajectory curve	Constraint of fitting error /mm	Number of control points	Actual fitting error /mm
Trajectory curve	Constraint of fitting error /mm	Number of control points	Max error	Average error
Complete B-spline curve	0.008	Total：73	0.00785	0.00209
Segmented B-spline curve (6 segment)	0.008	Each segment: 4，4，4，4，4，4	0.00776	0.00315

Table 2. Laser engraving trajectory of segmented double B-spline curve

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Table 2. Laser engraving trajectory of segmented double B-spline curve

Segmented B-spline curve	Constraint of fitting error /mm	Number of control points	Actual fitting error /mm
Segmented B-spline curve	Constraint of fitting error /mm	Number of control points	Max error	Average error
C(u)	0.005	Each segment: 7，8，4，8，7，16	0.00485	0.00189
H(u)	0.005	Each segment: 17，14，4，15，16，15	0.00456	0.00085

Table 3. Simulation conditions of optical electromechanical collaborative optimization

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Table 3. Simulation conditions of optical electromechanical collaborative optimization

Variable parameter	Constraint condition	Variable parameter	Value	Variable parameter	Value
v_m/(mm·s^－1)	{100，100，100}	v_cmd/(mm·s^－1)	40	v_heat/(mm·s^－1)	15
A_m/(mm·s^－2)	{1000，1000，1000}	v_start/(mm·s^－1)	0	T_s/s	0.002
J_m/(mm·s^－3)	{5000，5000，5000}	v_end/(mm·s^－1)	0	α_m/%	50

Table 4. Optimization constraints of laser engraving process parameters
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Table 4. Optimization constraints of laser engraving process parameters
Parameter Speed /(mm·s^－1) Laser energy density /(J·mm^－2) Duty ratio Frequency /Hz Incident angle /(°)
κ_Pra-opt-i 100 3 80 5000 90
κ_Pra-i 0-100 3-12 1-100 0-5000 60-120

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Qiang Liu, Jian Wang, Pengpeng Sun, Ming Li, Hui Wang, Zhenshuo Yin, Liuquan Wang, Kunhang Li. Research and Development of Key Technologies and Equipment for Multiaxis CNC Laser Engraving[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(10): 1002401

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Paper Information

Category:

Received: Dec. 2, 2021

Accepted: Jan. 20, 2022

Published Online: May. 12, 2022

The Author Email: Liu Qiang (qliusmea@buaa.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL202249.1002401

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Comparison of different trajectory curves of laser engraving position points

Table 1. Comparison of different trajectory curves of laser engraving position points

Table 2. Laser engraving trajectory of segmented double B-spline curve

Table 2. Laser engraving trajectory of segmented double B-spline curve

Table 3. Simulation conditions of optical electromechanical collaborative optimization

Table 3. Simulation conditions of optical electromechanical collaborative optimization

Table 4. Optimization constraints of laser engraving process parameters

Table 4. Optimization constraints of laser engraving process parameters