Fig. 1. Cross-sectional geometry structure of numerical phantoms

Fig. 2. Physical photo of phantoms

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of PAT experimental setup for in vivo mice

Fig. 4. Reconstructed distribution maps and their evaluation metrics based on simulated photoacoustic signals that are densely-sampled and collected at a full-angle. (a) AOED distribution maps; (b) SoS distribution; (c) evaluation metrics

Fig. 5. Results of images reconstructed from limited-view sparse sampling simulated data and their evaluation metrics. (a) Reconstructed images; (b) evaluation metrics

Fig. 6. Reconstructed distribution maps and their evaluation metrics of phantoms. (a) AOED distribution map; (b) SoS distribution map; (c) evaluation metrics

Fig. 7. Reconstructed thoracic and abdominal slice images of in vivo mice and evaluation metrics. (a) AOED distribution map; (b) SoS distribution map; (c) evaluation metrics of distribution map

Fig. 8. Reconstructed distribution maps and the number of iterations with different iterative initial values. (a) Reconstructed images; (b) number of iterations required for AOED at different locations in the reconstructed model 1

Fig. 9. AOED images reconstructed using different optimization algorithms and their evaluation metrics. (a) Reconstructed images; (b) evaluation metrics

Fig. 10. Reconstructed AOED images and evaluation metrics from simulated data using different fixed speed of sound. (a) Reconstructed images; (b) evaluation metrics

Fig. 11. Effect of optimized luminous flux on reconstructed image quality. (a) Reconstructed AOED image; (b) evaluation metrics

Fig. 12. Images reconstructed by different methods that considering the response of ultrasonic detectors and their evaluation metrics. (a) Reconstructed images; (b) evaluation metrics.