The research progress of photoelectric molecules materials was summarized， such as photochromic molecules， aggregation-induced luminescence （AIE） molecules and solar molecules from the perspective of single-molecule electrical conductivity. Next， molecular devices designed based on the electrical properties of photoelectric molecules were systematically introduced， and the advantages and shortcomings of photoelectric molecules for molecular devices were also discussed. Then the charge transport mechanism of photoelectric molecules was explored， which could provide an effective basis for further elucidating the conformational relationship between the structure and properties of photoelectric molecules. Moreover， it would provide an effective basis for the design of optoelectronic functional molecular devices at the single molecule level.