Simultaneous Optimization of LED Layout and Power Allocation Based on Visible Light Communication

Yong Chen; Chenyi Hu; Huanlin Liu; Zhiqian Wu; Jinlan Wu; Chuangshi Wang

doi:10.3788/AOS230597

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 43, Issue 14, 1406002(2023)

Simultaneous Optimization of LED Layout and Power Allocation Based on Visible Light Communication

Yong Chen^1、*, Chenyi Hu^1、**, Huanlin Liu², Zhiqian Wu¹, Jinlan Wu¹, and Chuangshi Wang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things & Network Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China

²School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China

show less

Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(13)

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of indoor line-of-sight (LoS) link and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) link

Download full size

Fig. 2. Nonlinear curve convergence plot

Download full size

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of optimal layout after synchronous optimization of 16 LED lamps. (a) Coordinate positions in 2D space; (b) heights of 16 LEDs

Download full size

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of power distribution after synchronous optimization of 16 LED lamps

Download full size

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of distributions of SNR and received power under optimal layout. (a) Distribution of received power; (b) distribution of SNR

Download full size

Fig. 6. Optimal layout under different LED numbers. (a) 14 LEDs; (b) 12 LEDs; (c) 9 LEDs; (d) 6 LEDs

Download full size

Fig. 7. Distribution diagram of received power under different LED numbers. (a) 14 LEDs; (b) 12 LEDs; (c) 9 LEDs; (d) 6 LEDs

Download full size

Table 1. Fitting parameters
View table
Table 1. Fitting parameters
Parameter Value
A 2.008686185862910
B 0.745336076479209
C 1.787680223756580
D $-$ 3.082271544172980

Table 2. Pseudocode for FWOA

View table

Table 2. Pseudocode for FWOA

FWOA
Input：Room size $L \times W \times H$ ，number of LEDs $M$ ，height of receiving plane $H_{R}$ ，and fitness function $F_{F}$
Initialize：Search dimension $D$ ，population size $N$ ，max number of iterations $T_{m a x}$ ，and other parameters of algorithm
Reverse learning：Carry out reverse learning according to Eq.（21），reconstruct initial population and determine that optimal individual in population is humpback whale
while （ $t < T_{m a x}$ ） Update nonlinear convergence factor $\vec{a}$ according to Eq.（23） Update coefficient vector $\vec{A}$ and $\vec{C}$ according to Eq.（18） and Eq.（16） Update random disturbance coefficient $ω$ according to Eq.（25） Randomly update parameters $\vec{r}$ ， $p$ and $l$ if （ $p < 0.5$ ） if（ $\vec{A} \geq 1$ ） Update whale individual position according to Eq.（14） else if （ $\vec{A} < 1$ ） Update whale individual position according to Eq.（24） end if else if （ $p \geq 0.5$ ） Update whale individual position according to Eq.（24） end if Calculate fitness value $F_{F i}$ of individual whales if （ $F_{F i} < F_{F p r e}$ & $F_{F i} \geq 0$ ） Update local optimal solution $\vec{X^{\nabla}}$ end if if （ $F_{F i} < F_{F m i n}$ & $F_{F i} \geq 0$ ） Update global optimal solution $\vec{X^{*}}$ end if Continue to iterate： $t = t + 1$ end while
Output：Global optimal solution $\vec{X^{*}}$

Table 3. Parameter settings of VLC system

View table

Table 3. Parameter settings of VLC system

Parameter	Symbol	Value
Room size /m³	$L \times W \times H$	5 × 5 × 3
Number of LEDs	$M$	4-16
Number of PDs	$K$	10⁴
Height of receiving plane /m	$H_{R}$	0.85
LEDs in each lamp	$U$	7 × 7
Semi-angle at half-power of LED /（°）	$θ_{1 / 2}$	60
Conversion factor of LED light power to luminous flux /（lm·W^-1）	$ς$	90
Emitted light power of LED /（W·M^-1）	$P_{t}$	0.01-1
Interval between LEDs /m	$s$	0.01
Area of PD /cm²	$A_{P D}$	1
Gain of optical filter	$T_{s} (ψ)$	1
Optical concentrator gain	$G (ψ)$	1
Photoelectric transformation efficiency /（A·W^-1）	$r$	1
Reflection coefficient of wall	$ρ$	0.8
Field of view of photoelectric detector /（°）	$Θ_{F O V}$	90

Table 4. Experimental parameters of FWOA
View table
Table 4. Experimental parameters of FWOA
Parameter Symbol Value
Population size $N$ 200
Maximum number of iterations $T_{m a x}$ 120
Maximum value of perturbation factor $ω_{m a x}$ 0.95
Minimum value of disturbance factor $ω_{m i n}$ 0.15

Table 5. Performance indicators after synchronization optimization

View table

Table 5. Performance indicators after synchronization optimization

Optimization scheme	$Q_{Λ}$	$1 - F_{E}$ /%	SNR variance	Average illumination /lx
Square-circle^［4］	3.92	62.84	0.36	1151.78
New layout of 16 LEDs^［9］	5.25	79.06	0.18	1074.91
IAFSA optimization^［11］	3.58	54.16	0.39	1121.17
IBA optimization^［5］	2.07	40.62	1.22	1223.56
MPGA optimization^［1］	2.56	59.47	0.74	848.11
FWOA location optimization	12.23	84.91	0.03	1104.98
FWOA power + location optimization	15.12	82.07	0.02	518.73

Table 6. Performance indicators under different LED numbers

View table

Table 6. Performance indicators under different LED numbers

Optimization scheme	$Q_{Λ}$	$1 - F_{E}$ /%	SNR variance	Average illumination /lx	Total power /W	Computing time /min
6 LEDs optimization	3.29	57.14	0.471	353.29	244.75	8.95
9 LEDs optimization	10.51	84.01	0.043	450.03	331.24	11.81
12 LEDs optimization	13.15	84.23	0.027	456.05	345.94	16.26
14 LEDs optimization	13.25	84.60	0.027	559.48	421.89	17.57
16 LEDs optimization	15.12	82.07	0.021	518.73	392.98	30.12

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Yong Chen, Chenyi Hu, Huanlin Liu, Zhiqian Wu, Jinlan Wu, Chuangshi Wang. Simultaneous Optimization of LED Layout and Power Allocation Based on Visible Light Communication[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(14): 1406002

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites