Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of radiation model angle

Fig. 2. The distribution of Dolp of different targets at the incident angle of 20°. (a) Gold polyimide film; (b) aluminum plate; (c) solar panels

Fig. 3. Experimental schematic diagram

Fig. 4. Darkroom integrating sphere backlighting experiment setup

Fig. 5. Comparison of unpolarized and polarized images of gold polyimide film, aluminum plate, and solar panel (from left to right) under backlight state. (a), (b) and (c) are unpolarized images and (d), (e) and (f) are polarized images

Fig. 6. Polarization distribution characteristics of different targets at 30° observation angle with different beam dispersion angles for (a) gold polyimide film, (b) aluminum plate and (c) solar panels

Fig. 7. Variation curves of linear polarization at different divergence angles for different targets at 90° observation angle. (a) Gold polyimide film. (b) Aluminum plate; (c) Solar panels

Fig. 8. The curve of spot radius versus linear polarization for aluminum plate at the same observation angle, the same incident angle and the different beam scattering angle

Fig. 9. The comparison of experimental and simulation results

Fig. 10. Outdoor sun backlight experimental site

Fig. 11. Images captured by (a) visible light industrial cameras and (b) polarized low illumination cameras under outdoor sun background