Fig. 1. Intensity distributions of vortex beams with topological charges m=1 and m=2 propagating at different propagation distances in oceanic turbulence

Fig. 2. Phase distributions of vortex beams with topological charges m=1 and m=2 propagating at different propagation distances in oceanic turbulence. (a) m=1, z=0 m; (b) m=1, z=100 m; (c) m=1, z=300 m; (d) m=2, z=0 m; (e) m=2, z=100 m; (f) m=2, z=300 m

Fig. 3. On-axis scintillation indices of vortex beams with different topological charges when they propagate different distances in oceanic turbulence

Fig. 4. On-axis scintillation indices of vortex beams with different wavelengths when they propagate different distances in oceanic turbulence

Fig. 5. On-axis scintillation indices of vortex beams with topological charge m=1 when they propagate in oceanic turbulence with different xt

Fig. 6. On-axis scintillation indices of vortex beams with topological charge m=1 when they propagate in oceanic turbulence with different ε

Fig. 7. On-axis scintillation indices of vortex beams with topological charge m=1 when they propagate in oceanic turbulence with different w