Broadband Photonic Crystal 1× 3 Beam Splitter Designed by Downhill‐Simplex Algorithm

Jian Xu; Pengcheng Shi; Weihua Shi; Peili Li

doi:10.3788/CJL230630

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 2, 0201006(2024)

Broadband Photonic Crystal 1× 3 Beam Splitter Designed by Downhill‐Simplex Algorithm

Jian Xu, Pengcheng Shi, Weihua Shi, and Peili Li^*

College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Futrue Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China

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Figures & Tables(15)

Fig. 1. Schematic of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter structure

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Fig. 2. Energy band structure diagram of complete two-dimensional triangular lattices photonic crystal

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Fig. 3. Variation of transmittance of different wavelengths of light at each port with R₁. (a) Port₁; (b) Port₂; (c) Port₃

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Fig. 4. Variation of transmittance of different wavelengths of light at each port with F₁. (a) Port₁; (b) Port₂; (c) Port₃

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Fig. 5. Variation of transmittance of different wavelengths of light at each port with F₂. (a) Port₁; (b) Port₂; (c) Port₃

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Fig. 6. Variation of transmittance of different wavelengths of light at each port with R₂ or R₃ or R₄. (a) Port₁; (b) Port₂; (c) Port₃

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Fig. 7. Flow chart of reverse design of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter based on DSA

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Fig. 8. Transmittance, additional loss, and uniformity distributions of broadband 1×3 beam splitter with a splitting ratio of 1∶1∶1. (a) Transmittance distribution; (b) additional loss and uniformity distribution

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Fig. 9. Transmittance, additional loss, and variance distributions of broadband 1×3 beam splitter with a splitting ratio of 3∶2∶1. (a) Transmittance distribution; (b) additional loss and variance distributions

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Fig. 10. Transmittance, additional loss, and variance distributions of broadband 1×3 beam splitter with a splitting ratio of 1∶2∶9. (a) Transmittance distribution; (b) additional loss and variance distributions

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Fig. 11. Response time curves of broadband 1×3 beam splitters with three different splitting ratios

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Fig. 12. Relationship between the maximum additional loss/maximum uniformity/variance of the three broadband power splitters and the deviation of all optimized structural parameters. (a) Relationship between the maximum additional loss and the deviation of all optimized structural parameters; (b) relationship between the maximum uniformity/variance and the deviation of all optimized structural parameters

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Table 1. Optimization parameters and their value range of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter
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Table 1. Optimization parameters and their value range of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter
Parameter Range
Radius /μm R₁ 0.08‒0.18
R₂ & R₃ & R₄ 0.05‒0.14
Offest /μm F₁ 0‒0.3
F₂ -0.35‒0.35

Table 2. Structural parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter optimized by DSA under different splitting ratios

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Table 2. Structural parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter optimized by DSA under different splitting ratios

Splitting ratio	Radius /μm		Offset /μm		Time consumption
Splitting ratio	R₁	R₂ & R₃ & R₄	F₁	F₂	Time consumption
1∶1∶1	0.164	0.138 & 0.056 & 0.053	0.265	0	21 min 14 s
3∶2∶1	0.161	0.09 & 0.066 & 0.069	0.226	-0.034	32 min 33 s
1∶2∶9	0.098	0.112 & 0.056 & 0.083	0.033	0.305	31 min 57 s

Table 3. Structure parameters and performance parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter with other beam splitting ratios

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Table 3. Structure parameters and performance parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter with other beam splitting ratios

Splitting ratio	Radius /μm		Offset /μm		EL_max /dB	σ $_{m a x}^{2}$
Splitting ratio	R₁	R₂ & R₃ & R₄	F₁	F₂	EL_max /dB	σ $_{m a x}^{2}$
2∶4∶3	0.148	0.127 & 0.079 & 0.136	0.080	-0.018	0.128	6.01×10^-4
5∶4∶6	0.152	0.138 & 0.074 & 0.081	0.182	-0.010	0.084	1.54×10^-4
7∶1∶4	0.160	0.053 & 0.07 & 0.093	0.117	-0.076	0.081	1.35×10^-4
3∶8∶1	0.154	0.079 & 0.055 & 0.059	0.060	-0.125	0.177	6.88×10^-4

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Jian Xu, Pengcheng Shi, Weihua Shi, Peili Li. Broadband Photonic Crystal 1× 3 Beam Splitter Designed by Downhill‐Simplex Algorithm[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(2): 0201006

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Paper Information

Category: laser devices and laser physics

Received: Mar. 21, 2023

Accepted: Jun. 15, 2023

Published Online: Jan. 4, 2024

The Author Email: Li Peili (lipl@njupt.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL230630

CSTR:32183.14.CJL230630

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Optimization parameters and their value range of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter

Table 1. Optimization parameters and their value range of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter

Table 2. Structural parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter optimized by DSA under different splitting ratios

Table 2. Structural parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter optimized by DSA under different splitting ratios

Table 3. Structure parameters and performance parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter with other beam splitting ratios

Table 3. Structure parameters and performance parameters of broadband photonic crystal 1×3 beam splitter with other beam splitting ratios