Fig. 1. Model of the meshing

Fig. 2. Heat source model. (a) Gaussian surface heat source; (b) cone heat source^[20]

Fig. 3. Mechanical boundary conditions for finite element models

Fig. 4. Weld morphology obtained by experiment and simulation

Fig. 5. Temperature field distribution of welding process. (a) t=0.2 s; (b) t=0.8 s; (c) t=1.6 s; (d) t=2.0 s

Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of welding thermal cycle curve taking points. (a) Top surface; (b) weld cross section

Fig. 7. Thermal cycle curves of different nodes. (a) Welding direction; (b) depth direction; (c) weld direction

Fig. 8. Influence of process parameters on the maximum temperature. (a) Influence of power on maximum temperature; (b) influence of welding speed on maximum temperature

Fig. 9. Relationship between process parameters and cooling rate. (a) Relationship between laser power and cooling rate; (b) relationship between laser power and cooling rate in the range of 882-1827 ℃; (c) relationship between welding speed and cooling rate; (d) relationship between welding speed and cooling speed in the range of 882-1827 ℃

Fig. 10. Stress distribution. (a) Longitudinal residual stress (b) transverse residual stress

Fig. 11. Residual stress distribution along the weld direction. (a) Longitudinal residual stress; (b) transverse residual stress