Fig. 1. (a) SSB alignment; (b) focusing capacity of beams without SSB, with lens, and with SSB on the diffusion surface.

Fig. 2. Experimental setup.

Fig. 3. Photo of the experimental platform.

Fig. 4. (a) Obtained optical power distribution after SSB alignment with respect to the number of searches. Performance comparison for different block divisions: (b) 4 × 4, (c) 8 × 8, and (d) 16 × 16.

Fig. 5. Convergence curve for different (a) SSB schemes, (b) population sizes, and (c) migration factors.

Fig. 6. Convergence curve for different partition schemes in GA.

Fig. 7. Comparison of optimization results among CS-only, lens-based CS, and SSBGA.

Fig. 8. Optical power along the X-axis for different schemes.

Fig. 9. Optical power along the X-axis with different offset angles.

Fig. 10. (a) Data rate comparison for different schemes with varying signal voltage; (b) data rate variation with bias current for different schemes at the optimum waveform voltage.