Fig. 1. LSTM modeling and FPGA deployment process of OEO chaotic system. (a) OEO system structure based on MZM; (b) LSTM model; (c) target FPGA platform

Fig. 2. Time series and scatter plots of model prediction data and real data under different s. (a)(b) s=1; (c)(d) s=2

Fig. 3. Model deployment overall workflow

Fig. 4. Chaotic AI model based on LSTM structure before and after optimization

Fig. 5. Hardware structure of chaotic AI model

Fig. 6. LSTM arithmetic pipeline of chaotic AI model

Fig. 7. Overall architecture diagram of FPGA system based on chaotic AI model

Fig. 8. FPGA end chaotic generation model resource occupancy diagram

Fig. 9. Scatter plot of model prediction results between FPGA and PC ends

Fig. 10. Phase diagrams of OEO chaotic system and FPGA end chaotic AI model. (a) OEO system; (b) FPGA end model

Fig. 11. Chaotic AI model output results of FPGA before and after adding disturbance. (a) Time series plot of the first prediction point; (b) MSE between model outputs before and after adding disturbance

Fig. 12. Comparison of output waveform of chaotic AI model between FPGA and PC. (a) FPGA; (b) PC

Fig. 13. Histograms under different m values. (a) m=8; (b) m=7; (c) m=6; (d) m=5