The fingerprint absorption spectrum of mid-infrared fundamental frequency is characterized by strong absorption, broad and dense spectral lines. In general, as molecules absorbing infrared spectra have mid-infrared base-frequency absorption intensity near 3000 cm^-1 that is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of the near-infrared absorption, and thus it has gradually become a research hotspot for cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) technology. In this paper, the working principle and technical advantages of CRDS technology are briefly described, and the characteristics of mid-infrared CRDS technology are introduced. Moreover, the differences between near infrared and mid-infrared CRDS technology are analyzed and compared. The research status of CRDS technology based on mid-infrared band is discussed finally.