In this study, we explored the high-power pico-second pulse propagation characteristics using a homemade low-loss NL-HCF. During the high-power propagation of NL-HCF, the fibre was chosen to meet the comprehensive requirements of confinement loss, bending performance, and laser damage threshold. The pulse width of the light source was 15 ps, and its repetition frequency was adjustable. Different lengths of NL-HCF were used for propagation tests. When the input laser was coupled to the NL-HCF with a 403 μJ pulse energy, 40.3 W average power, and 26.8 MW peak power, we obtained a 91.8% propagation efficiency with a maximum output pulse energy of 370 μJ. We analysed the spectral and temporal characteristics of ultra-short pulse passing through different NL-HCF lengths. When the NL-HCF length was 1 m, the laser pulse was propagated without distortion, and the spectrum was slightly deformed. Owing to the non-linear effect, the pulse width of the output laser was increased to 26 ps and the spectrum was expanded to 70 nm when the length of the NL-HCF was increased to 3.3 m. Experiments show that NL-HCF will play an important role in the propagation of ultra-short pulses.