Fig. 1. Macro-morphology of cross-section of cladding layer

Fig. 2. Distribution of WC particles in cladding layer. (a)(b)(c) Uppermost part of cladding layer; (d)(e)(f) middle upper part of cladding layer; (g)(h)(i) middle lower part of cladding layer; (j)(k)(l) bottom most heat-affected zone of near cladding layer

Fig. 3. Low-magnification SEM at left boundary of cladding layer

Fig. 4. High-magnification SEM at left boundary of cladding layer. (a) Enlarged view of box 1 in fig. 3 (1000×); (b) Fig. (a) enlarged view of box (2000×)

Fig. 5. High-magnification SEM at center of cladding layer

Fig. 6. Schematic of calibration points for EDS test

Fig. 7. Positions of hardness measurement

Fig. 8. Microhardness curves of coating. (a) Microhardness curves at position 1、2, and 6; (b) microhardness curves at position 3、4, and 5