[1] WU Q, ZHANG H X, JIA D G et al. Recent development of tunable optical devices based on liquid[J]. Molecules, 27, 8025(2022).

[2] SUN J, SRIVASTAVA A K, WANG L et al. Optically tunable and rewritable diffraction grating with photoaligned liquid crystals[J]. Optics Letters, 38, 2342-2344(2013).

[3] ZHAO S Y, LI J Y, YAN L H et al. Liquid crystal element based on photoalignment technology[J]. Physics Experimentation, 43, 13-21(2023).

[4] XIONG J H, HSIANG E L, HE Z Q et al. Augmented reality and virtual reality displays: emerging technologies and future perspectives[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 216(2021).

[5] MODIN A, LEHENY R L, SERRA F. Spatial photo-patterning of nematic liquid crystal pretilt and its application in fabricating flat gradient-index lenses[J]. Advanced Materials, 2310083(2024).

[6] LUO H, WENG J C, LI H F. Waveguide display system based on liquid crystal polarization volume grating[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 42, 1005002(2022).

[7] PEREIRO-GARCÍA J, GARCÍA-DE-BLAS M, DE LA ROSA P et al. Reconfigurable perfect vortex beam generator based on a liquid crystal spiral phase plate[J]. Optics Express, 31, 37653-37662(2023).

[8] BHOWMICK A K, JAMALI A, BRYANT D et al. Design, fabrication, and characterization of a liquid crystal-based large area electrically tunable lens for correction of astigmatism and defocus[J]. Optical Engineering, 62, 075103(2023).

[9] ZHANG J H, SHI K, XU P et al. Regulation of friction force of a water droplet on bioinspired surface[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 39, 188-195(2022).

[10] SASAKI T, KUZUWATA M, NODA K et al. Liquid crystal gratings with twisted alignment produced by one-step polarizer-rotation exposure on photocrosslinkable polymer liquid crystal films[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 52, 042503(2013).

[11] ONO H, OIKAWA S, KAWATSUKI N. Effects of anchoring strength on diffraction properties of liquid crystal phase gratings formed on photoalignment polymer films[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 101, 123523(2007).

[12] BARABANOVA N N, BELYAEV V V, BOGDANOV D L et al. Effect of photoaligning azo dye structure on liquid crystal anchoring energy[J]. Journal of the Society for Information Display, 23, 486-490(2015).

[13] CHEN F F, ZHENG J H, XING C C et al. Applications of liquid crystal planer optical elements based on photoalignment technology in display and photonic devices[J]. Displays, 82, 102632(2024).

[14] KOZANECKA-SZMIGIEL A, RUTKOWSKA K A, NIEBOREK M et al. Photopatterned azo poly(amide imide) layers as aligning substrates of holographic liquid crystal diffraction gratings for beam steering applications[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 8, 968-976(2020).

[15] IIMURA Y, KOBAYASHI N, ABE H et al. Measurements of the azimuthal anchoring energy of a nematic liquid crystal (5CB) aligned on various films: estimation of the azimuthal anchoring energy between lb films and a liquid crystal using the one-side rubbing cell: LC applications[J]. ITE Technical Report, 17, 85-89(2017).

[16] CHEN J, YANG C L, MU Q Q et al. Method for measuring the twist angle and thickness of liquid crystal polarization grating based on Jones matrix[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 36, 656-662(2019).

[17] SAITOH Y, SAITOH Y, LIEN A. An improved azimuthal anchoring energy measurement method using liquid crystals with different chiralities[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 39, 1743-1746(2000).

[18] WU X B, AN W D, YANG G. Error analysing and approaches of improving measureing precision in image measuring system[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 5, 133-141(1997).

[19] FAETTI S. Measurements of the azimuthal anchoring energy at a polyimide-nematic interface with a new transmitted light method[J]. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 421, 225-234(2004).

[20] YANG D K, WU S T[M]. Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices(2014).

[21] CHIGRINOV V, PIKIN S, VEREVOCHNIKOV A et al. Diffusion model of photoaligning in azo-dye layers[J]. Physical Review E, 69, 061713(2004).