Point Cloud Shadow Channel Model and Its Application in Indoor Visible‐Light Fingerprint Positioning

Xiaoli Hu; Qian Wang; Ling Qin; Fengying Wang; Jianyong Yu

doi:10.3788/CJL240980

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 2, 0206003(2025)

Point Cloud Shadow Channel Model and Its Application in Indoor Visible‐Light Fingerprint Positioning

Xiaoli Hu¹, Qian Wang^2、*, Ling Qin^2、**, Fengying Wang³, and Jianyong Yu²

¹School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia , China

²School of Digtial and Intelligence Industry, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia , China

³Engineering Training Center, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia , China

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Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(14)

Fig. 1. Obstruction channel model

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Fig. 2. Experimental environment

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Fig. 3. Obstacle point cloud maps. (a) Initial incomplete point cloud; (b) complete point cloud after registration; (c) downsampling point cloud

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Fig. 4. Contour maps of normalized power distribution. (a) Experimental measurement; (b) simulation calculation

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Fig. 5. Normalized power value error distribution map

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Fig. 6. Contour maps of simulated power distribution. (a) Total received power; (b) direct power; (c) primary reflection power

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Fig. 7. Positioning rendering. (a) Ideal indoor model; (b) indoor model with obstacle

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Fig. 8. Partitioned positioning rendering.(a) Application of reflection power in shaded area; (b) application of direct power in shadow area

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Table 1. Technical parameters of ALS-PDIC144-6C/L378
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Table 1. Technical parameters of ALS-PDIC144-6C/L378
Parameter Value
Size /mm 3
Supply voltage /V 1.8 to 5.5
Operating temperature /°C -40 to +85
Peak sensitivity wavelength /nm 550
Sensitivity wavelength range /nm 390 to 700
Angle of sensitivity /（°） 143

Table 2. System model parameters

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Table 2. System model parameters

Symbol	Parameter	Value
A_p /（mm×mm）	Physical area of photodetector （PD）	1.5×1.5
$ρ$	Wall reflection coefficient	0.5
$T$	Gain of optical filter	1
$g$	Gain of optical collector	2.55
FOV /（°）	Field-of-view semi-angle	71.5
$Ф_{1 / 2}$ /（°）	Semi-angle at half power	60
P_t /W	Average transmitted power	20

Table 3. Average total power and average contribution ratio under ideal model and obstacle model

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Table 3. Average total power and average contribution ratio under ideal model and obstacle model

Model	Average total received power /W	Average contribution ratio of direct beam power /%	Average contribution ratio of primary reflection power /%
Ideal indoor model	$6.52 \times 10^{- 6}$	51.41	48.59
Indoor model with obstacle	$3.88 \times 10^{- 6}$	23.92	76.08

Table 4. Training parameters of GA-BP network
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Table 4. Training parameters of GA-BP network
Parameter Value
First hidden layer nodes 20
Second hidden layer nodes 20
Evolutionary algebra 60
Population size 20
Crossover probability 0.3
Mutation probability 0.1

Table 5. Positioning error of ideal indoor model and proposed model (indoor model with obstacle)
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Table 5. Positioning error of ideal indoor model and proposed model (indoor model with obstacle)
Model ME /cm RMSE /cm Maximum error
Ideal indoor model 0.01 0.02 0.08 cm
Indoor model with obstacle 2.18 20.82 2.67 m

Table 6. Error of partitioned positioning method combined with reflection power
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Table 6. Error of partitioned positioning method combined with reflection power
Positioning space ME /cm RMSE /cm
Total space 0.28 1.58
Shadow area 6.48 7.77

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Xiaoli Hu, Qian Wang, Ling Qin, Fengying Wang, Jianyong Yu. Point Cloud Shadow Channel Model and Its Application in Indoor Visible‐Light Fingerprint Positioning[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(2): 0206003

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Paper Information

Category: Fiber optics and optical communication

Received: Jun. 17, 2024

Accepted: Jul. 9, 2024

Published Online: Jan. 20, 2025

The Author Email: Wang Qian (wwwqian2022@163.com), Qin Ling (qinling1979@imust.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL240980

CSTR:32183.14.CJL240980

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Technical parameters of ALS-PDIC144-6C/L378

Table 1. Technical parameters of ALS-PDIC144-6C/L378

Table 2. System model parameters

Table 2. System model parameters

Table 3. Average total power and average contribution ratio under ideal model and obstacle model

Table 3. Average total power and average contribution ratio under ideal model and obstacle model

Table 4. Training parameters of GA-BP network

Table 4. Training parameters of GA-BP network

Table 5. Positioning error of ideal indoor model and proposed model (indoor model with obstacle)

Table 5. Positioning error of ideal indoor model and proposed model (indoor model with obstacle)

Table 6. Error of partitioned positioning method combined with reflection power

Table 6. Error of partitioned positioning method combined with reflection power